8 ELEMENTS OF BOTANY. 
In the second put blotting-paper that has been barely moistened; on 
this put seeds that have been soaked for 24 hours. 
In the third put water enough thoroughly to soak the paper: use 
soaked seeds. 
In the fourth put water enough to half cover the seeds. 
Place the vessels where they will have same temperature and note the 
time of germination. 
Tabulate your results as in the previous experiments. 
“11. Experiment 4.*1 Will Seeds germinate without Air ?— 
Place some soaked seeds on blotting-paper in the bottom of a bottle; 
close tightly with a perforated rubber stopyer through which has been 
passed a long glass tube bent 
once at right angles as shown 
in Fig..2. 
Exhaust the air from the 
bottle by attaching the tube 
to an air-pump or an aspi- 
rator, and after considerable 
pumping and while the ex- 
haustion is going on, seal the 
whole air-tight by heating the 
tube near the bend with a 
Bunsen burner or alcohol 
lamp flame until it can be 
_drawn out to a thread. 
Fig. 2.— Soaked Peas in Stoppered Bottle, The stopper will be more 
ready for Exhaustion of Air. certain to prove air-tight if 
it has been well moistened 
with glycerine or vaseline before being inserted in the bottle. 
Place other seeds of the same kind in another bottle and stopper 
tightly. 
Place other seeds of the same kind in a third bottle ; stopper loosely. 
Place the three bottles side by side, so that they will have the same 
conditions of light and heat. Watch for results, and tabulate as in 
previous experiments. 
Most seeds will not germinate under water, but those of the sun- 
flower will do so, and therefore Exp. 4 may be varied in the following 
manner ; 
1 Experiments marked thus * are to be performed by the teacher in the laboratory 
or class-room. 
