STEMS. 39 
_ (5) The flower-bud. sear, a concave impression, to be found in the 
angle produced by the forking of two twigs, which form, with the 
branch from which they spring, a Y-shaped figure. 
(6) (On a branch larger than the twig handed round for individual 
study) the mode of origin of the twigs from the branch ;— make a 
separate sketch of this. ® 
The portion of stem which originally bore any two pairs of leaves is 
called a node, and the portions of stem between 
nodes are called internodes. 
Describe briefly in writing alongside the 
sketches any observed facts which the draw- 
ings do not show. 
If your twig was a crooked, rough-barked,: 
and slow-growing one, exchange it for asmooth, 
vigorous one and note the differences. Or if 
you sketched a quickly grown shoot, exchange 
for one of the other kind. 
Answer the following questions : 
(a) How many inches did your twig grow 
during the last summer ? 
How many in the summer before ? 
How do you know ? 
How many years old is the whole twig 
given you ? 
(b) How were the leaves arranged on the 
twig ? 
How many leaves were there ? 
Were they all of the same size ? 
(c) What has the mode of branching to do * Fic. 23.—AQuickly grown 
with the arrangement of the buds? with the Twig of Cherry, with 
Lateral and ‘Terminal 
2 9 
flower-bud scars Buds in October. 
(d) The dots on the leaf-scars mark the  & sec, bud-seale scars. All 
position of the bundles of ducts and wood-cells above these scars is the 
which run from the wood of the branch prow Of 8he ee ae 
through the leaf-stalk up into the leaf. summer of the same year. 
+59. Twig of Beech. —Sketch a vigorous young twig of beech in its 
winter condition, noting particularly the respects in which it differs 
from the horse-chestnut. Describe in writing any facts not shown in the 
sketch. Notice that the buds are not opposite, nor is the next one above 
