82 ELEMENTS OF BOTANY. 
growth, it is but the lengthening out and development of the 
bud, which may be regarded as an undeveloped stem or branch, 
with its internodes so shortened that successive leaves seem 
almost to spring from the same point. 
-110. Vernation. — Procure a considerable number of buds which 
are just about to burst, and others which have begun to open. Cut each 
across with a razor or very sharp scalpel ; examine first with the magnify- 
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* Fic. 61. — Types of Vernation. 
1, 2, cherry ; 3, 4, European walnut; 5, 6, snowball; 7, lady’s-mantle ; 
8, wood sorrel. 
ing glass, and then with the lowest power of the microscope. Pick to pieces 
other buds of the same kinds under the magnifying glass, and report 
upon the manner in which the leaves are packed away. 
The arrangement of leaves in the bud is called vernation ; 
some of the principal modes are shown in Fig. 61. In the 
cherry the two halves of the leaf are folded together flat, with 
