134 ELEMENTS OF BOTANY. 
most showy anthodia like the sunflower and the daisy there 
are two kinds of flowers, the ray-flowers, around the margin, 
and the tubular disk-flowers of the interior of the head. This 
kind of cluster is well illustrated by Fig. 110. The early 
botanists supposed the whole flower cluster to be a single 
compound flower. This belief led to their naming one family 
of plants Composite, that is plants with compound flowers. 
In such anthodia as those of the thistle, the cud-weed and the - 
everlasting there are no ray-flowers, and in others, like those 
Fic. 110 .— Vertical Section of Anthodium of a Sunflower (diagram). 
inv., involucre; ray, ray-flower; ¢tw.-f., tubular flowers of disk; r., common 
receptacle. 
of the dandelion and the chicory, all the flowers are ray- 
flowers. 
-168. Compound Flower-Clusters. —If the pedicels of a 
raceme branch, they may produce a compound raceme, or 
panicle, like that of the oat (Fig. 111).* Other forms of 
compound racemes have received other names. 
An umbel may beGome compound by the branching of its 
’ 1 Panicles may also be formed by compound cymes, see § 165. 
