14 ELEMENTS OF BOTANY. 
a. (E. AMERICANUM), YELLOW ADDER’S-TONGUE. Leaves mot- 
tled; flowers handsome; perianth light yellow, style club-shaped; 
stigmas united. 
b. (E. atpipumM), WHITE Doa’s-roorn VioLter. Leaves not 
much mottled; perianth bluish-white ; stigmas 3, short and spreading. 
Vv. LILIUM, LILY. 
Perianth more or less widely bell-shaped, colored, of 6 
spreading distinct sepals, each with a nectar-bearing groove 
down the lower middle portion of its inner surface. Anthers 
attached near the middle to the pointed tip of the filament, 
and, when mature, swinging upon it. Style club-shaped ; 
stigma 3-lobed. Capsule somewhat triangular, containing 
many seeds, arranged in two rows in each cell. Perennial 
herbs, with simple leafy stems, proceeding from scaly bulbs. 
a. (L. LONGIFLORUM), LONG-FLOWERED WHITE Lity. 1-3 ft. 
high, with thick lanceolate leaves and a single pure white funnel- 
shaped flower 5-6 in. long. Cult., from China and Japan. 
b. (Variety EXIMIUM), THE EASTER Lity, bears several very 
showy and sweet-scented flowers. 
VI. TRILLIUM, BIRTHROOT. 
Perianth of 6 parts, the 3 sepals unlike the 3 petals in 
color and in texture. Stamens 6, with the linear anthers 
usually opening inward, longer than the filaments. Stigmas 
3, sessile, spreading at the tips. Ovary 3—6-angled, 3-celled, 
rather many-seeded. Low herbs with the stem springing 
from a short rootstock and bearing 3 large netted-veined 
leaves in a whorl and a large terminal flower. 
a. (T. SESSILE), MortLepD Tritium. Leaves sessile, more or 
less ovate, acute, mottled; flower sessile ; petals sessile, nearly erect, 
dull purple or greenish. 
b. (T. ERECTUM), Squawroot, BrnsAmrn. Leaves broadly 
diamond-shaped, tapering to a short point, pedicel 1-3 in. long, not 
quite erect ; petals ovate to lanceolate, much broader than the sepals, 
of a rich brownish purple or sometimes white or pale; stigmas dis- 
tinct, stout, and spreading. The disagreeable scent of the flower has 
given rise to several absurd popular names for it. 
c. (T. GRANDIFLORUM), often miscalled Lrty. Leaves less broadly 
diamond-shaped, somewhat ovate; flower large and showy, with 
