44 ELEMENTS OF BOTANY. 
II. CASTILLEIA, PAINTED CUP. 
Flowers yellow or purplish in terminal leafy spikes. Calyx 
tubular, flattened, 2-4-cleft. Corolla-tube included within the 
calyx ; upper lip of the corolla very long, linear, arched, and 
enclosing the stamens, 2 of which are long and 2 short. 
Ovary many-ovuled. Herbs parasitic on the roots of other 
plants, with alternate leaves ; the floral ones usually colored 
at the tip and more showy than the flowers. 
(C. coccINEA), SCARLET PAINTED Cup, PAINT-BRUSH, INDIAN 
Pink, Prarrix Fire, WickAKEE. A hairy, simple-stemmed herb, 
with clustered obovate or oblong root-leaves and cut stem-leaves ; 
floral leaves 3-5 cleft and bright scarlet (occasionally yellow) toward ~ 
the tips, as though dipped in a scarlet dye; calyx nearly as long as 
the pale yellow corolla, 2-cleft. The spikes are often very broad, 
making this one of the most conspicuous of our native flowers. 
Annual or biennial. 
III. PEDICULARIS, LOUSEWORT. 
Corolla markedly 2-lipped ; the upper lip much flattened 
laterally and arched, the lower lip spreading, 3-lobed. Stamens 
4, beneath the upper lip. Capsule 2-celled, tipped with abrupt 
point, several-seeded. Perennial herbs, with the lower leaves 
pinnately cut and the floral ones reduced to bracts; flowers 
spiked. 
(P. CANADENSIS), Common Lousewort. Hairy, with clustered 
simple stems, 1 ft. high or less; the leaves petioled, the lowermost 
ones pinnately parted, the others somewhat pinnately cut; spike 
short, closely flowered and leafy-bracted ; calyx split down the front; 
corolla greenish yellow and purplish, with its upper lip hood-like, 
curved under, and with 2 awl-like teeth near the end; capsule flat, 
broadly sword-shaped. 
RUBIACEZ, MADDER FAMILY. 
Plants with opposite and stipulate or whorled entire leaves. 
Calyx-tube adnate to the ovary ; limb of the calyx 4—5-cleft. 
Corolla regular, inserted on the calyx-tube, as many-lobed as 
the calyx. Stamens equaling in number the divisions of the _ 
