54, ZAMENIS. 39-) 



14. Zamenis gemonensis. 



Natrix gemonensis, Laur. Syn. Itept. p. 76 (1768). 



Coluber caspius, hvcm, Vvy. enJiussie, i. p. 317, pi. xxi. (1769). 



viridiflavus, Lacvp. Serp. p. 86 (1789) ; Dmid. Repf. vi. p. 292 



(1803) ; Desmarest, Faun. Frntig., liept. pi. vi. (1826) : Boncvp. 



Icon. Faun. Ital. (1833); Schley. P/ii/s. Serp. ii. p. 180, pi. iv. 



figs. 11 & 12 (1837) ; T)e Betta, Erp. Vcron. p. 203J18o7). 



vulgaris, Bonnat. Encycl. Meth., OpJiiol. p. 28 (1790). 



communis, Donnd. Zool. Beitr. iii. p. 208 (1798). 



sardus, Suckoiv, Anfanysyr. d. Natury. iii. p. 224 (1798). 



luteostriatuSjC^/n^"/. Der Nahirf. xxviii. 1799, p. 170, pi. iii. fig. 2. 



jugularis, Georyi, Besc/ir. Buss. B, iii. p. 1882 (1800). 



petalarius, Georyi, I. c. p. 1883. 



atrovirens, Sliaw, Zool. iii. p. 449 (1802) ; Metaxa, Mon. Serp. 



Bom. p. 36 (1823). 



personatus, Daxid. op. cit. viii. p. 324, pi. C. fig. 2 (1803) ; 



Lesson, Act. Soc. Linn. Bord. xii. 1841, p. 59, pi. iii. 



trabalis, Pall. Zooyr. Boss.-As. iii. p. 42 (1811) ; Batkke, Mem. 



Sav. Etr. Ac. St.-Vetersh. iii. 1837, p. 308, pi. i. fig. 8 ; Nordm. in 



Demidoff, Voy. Buss. Mer. iii. p. 344, Bept. pi. v. (1840). 



glaucoides. Millet, Faune de Maine et Loire, i. p. xvi (1828). 



acontistes. Pall. I. c. p. 43. 



thermalis, Pcdl. I. c. p. 44. 



frvtbrogaster, Fisch. de Waldh. Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. iv. 1832, 



p. 574. 

 Bothriophis ervthrogaster, Eichw. Reise Kasp. Meer. i. pt. 2, p. 748 



(1837). 

 Coluber viridiflavus, var. carbonarius, Bonap. Mem. Ace. Tor. (2) ii. 



1839, p. 435. 

 Haemorrhois trabalis, Bonap. I. c. p. 434 ; Eichtv. Faun. Casp.-Cauc. 



p. 113 (1841). 

 Crelopeltis ervthrogastra, EicJno. I. c. p. 121. 

 Zamenis viridiflavus, Dum. ^' Bibr. vii. p. 686 (1854) ; Viaud- 



Grandmarais, Et. Serp. Vend. p. 16 (1868); Fatio, Vert. Suisse, 



iii. p. 185 (1872) ; Be Betta, Faun. Ital., Rett.Anf. p. 41 (1874) ; 



Schreib. Herp. Eur. p. 267 (1875) ; Jan, Icon. Gen. 48, pi. vi. 



tigs. 4-7 (1876) ; Lataste, Herp. Gir. p. 158 (1876) ; Leydiy, Abh. 



Senck. Ges. xiii. 1883, p. 180 ; R. Martin, Bull. Soc. H. N. Quest 



France, ii. 1892, p. 149. 



trabalis, Diim. S,- Bibr. t. c. p. 089 ; Strauch, Schl. Buss. B. 



p. 116 (1873). 



atrovirens, Giinth. Cat. p. 101 (1858). 



Tyria atrovirens, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1862, p, 338. 



? bascauium antbicum. Cope, I. c. 



Zamenis caspicus, Jan, op. cit. 23, pi. i. (1867). 



gemonensis, Schreib. I. c. p. 272 ; Bedriaya, Bull. Soc. Nat. 



Mosc. Ivi. 1882, p. 293; Boetty. Sitzb. Ak. Berl. 1888, p. 173; 



Camerano, Mon. Ofid. Ital, Col'ubr. p. 41 (1891). 



caspius, Blanf. Zool. E. Pers. p. 417 (1876). 



viridiflavus, vars. asiana et carbonaria, Boettq. Ber. Senck. Ges. 



1879-80, p. 151. 



Snout moderately prominent, obtuse. Rostral a little broader 

 than deep, the portion visible from above measuring one fourth to 

 two fifths its distance from the frontal ; internasals as long as or 

 shorter than the prjtfrontals ; frontal not or but little broader than 

 the supraocular, once and two thirds to twice as long as broad, as 



