New YorK AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 189 
upon to take the place of the usual applications of bordeaux 
mixture and arsenical sprays for scab and other diseases, and 
early spring leaf-eating insects. It was also desired by Mr. V. 
H. Lowe to continue his investigations with his modification of 
the lime-sulphur-salt wash, in which caustic soda was substituted 
for the salt in the regular formula and used to prepare the wash, 
in place of external heat. 
Accordingly experiments were planned jointly by Mr. Lowe 
and. Prof. S. A. Beach, to determine to what extent the lime- 
sulphur-caustic soda wash could be used in place of the common 
sprays in orchard treatment, and its value for the control of the 
scale. 
"The execution of these plans was entrusted to Messrs. H. O. 
Woodworth and O. M. Taylor, who superintended the spraying 
of the orchards and made frequent observations upon the results 
of the treatment. Mr. V. A. Clark made the final examination of 
the yields in the Yorktown orchard and reported his results in 
- Table 1. Owing to the death of Mr. Lowe the writing of this 
bulletin largely devolved upon Mr. P. J. Parrott, his successor, 
who has in charge the entomological work of this investigation. 
Acknowledgments are due to Messrs. White & Rice of York- 
town, and Mr. Albert Wood and Mr. Geo. Callard of Carlton 
Station, in whose orchards these experiments were conducted 
and who heartily co6perated in this work. 
OUTLINE OF THE EXPERIMENT. 
THE PLAN. 
The experiment as planned consisted of a series of tests to 
determine the comparative merits of (1) one application of the 
sulphur wash during dormant season, (2) one application of the 
sulphur wash during dormant season supplemented with the 
remainder of -the regular line of treatment with the bordeaux- 
arsenical mixtures, and (3) the usual applications of the bor- 
deaux-arsenical mixtures for the treatment of common orchard 
pests. By the aid of abundant checks it was expected, by using 
this method of treatment, to obtain data upon the following 
points: (1) The value of the sulphur wash for scale and other 
insects, and for plant diseases; (2) the comparative values of the 
sulphur wash and bordeaux-arsenical mixtures for orchard spray- 
