245 



space nearly flat, about twice the diameter of the eye. Snout 

 obtuse, broad, strongly depressed, in young specimens shorter, 

 in adult longer than eye. Praeorbital slightly emarginate, its 

 inferior margin conspicuously denticulated, only end of maxil- 

 lary visible at angle of mouth when mouth is closed. Lips 

 thin, smooth. Origin of first dorsal nearer to base of caudal 

 than to end of snout, separated by 15 or 16 praedorsal scales 

 from end of snout, opposite to 7th or 8th lateral scale. Dorsal 

 spines rather strong, heteracanth, about equal to postorbital 

 part of head, lower than second dorsal. Origin of second dorsa} 

 opposite to 17th or iS'li lateral scale, behind that of anal which 

 is opposite to 15th scale. Both fins are scaly. Caudal truncate 

 or nearly so. Pectorals much shorter than head, reaching to first 

 dorsal or not so far, wanting an axillary scale. Ventrals about 

 half length of that fin. Least height of caudal peduncle more 

 than its length and twice or less in length of head. Symphy- 

 sial knob nearly conical, not divided. Dorsal part dark green, 

 ventrally lighter, the belly silvery. Generally 31^ — 8th row of 

 scales with a longitudinal brownish spot, causing 6 longitudinal 

 bands of which the 2nd — .5th are broadest and most conspi- 

 cuous. Margin of fins dusky. Pectorals blackish, entirely black 

 in immature specimens {nielanocJiir). Length to 400 mm. 



N o m. i n d i g. : Belanak djumpul (Batavia) ; Gereh (Surabaya) ; 

 Goru (Batjan) ; Rapang (Bintang). 



Habitat: Singapore; Pulu Weh !; Sumatra (Padang, Benkulen); 

 Bintang; Banka ; Java Sea!; Java (Batavia, Samarang, Surabaya, 

 Patjitan, Nusa Kembangan !, Karangbollong, Prigi); Madura; 

 Kangeang Island !; Borneo (Sampit); Celebes (Makassar, Badjoa); 

 Saleyer !; Paternoster Islands! ; Flores ! ; Timor; Goram; Ambon!; 

 Batjan!; Ternate; Waigeu!; South and North New Guinea 

 (Sorong!); Cocos (Keeling) Islands. — Red Sea, East Africa, 

 British India, Andamans, Pinang, Malay Peninsula, China, 

 Philippines, New South Wales and Queensland, Melanesian, 

 Micronesian and Polynesian Islands. 



In sea, estuaries and fresh water. 



10. Mugil oligolepis Blkr. 



MiigU Dussuiiiicri C.V. ? Bleeker, Jouvn. Ind. Arch. II. 1848, p. 637 (nee C.V., 

 nee Blkr, Nat. Tijdschr. Ned. Ind. XIII. 1857, p. 339 secundum Blkr. 1. c. 

 XIX. 1859, p. 437). 



Mugil macrolepis Bleeker, Nat. Tijdschr. Ned. Ind. III. 1852, p. 422 (nee Smith). 



