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fish are all completely extinct. Against these facts no 
argument is possible. 
Exactly the same thing takes place with trawling gear 
plying nearer the shore. Thus the jdébega had spots 
appointed to it along the coast, and after working for some 
years completely denuded them of fish. The Jdoliche had 
to change its position for exactly the same reasons, like- 
wise the boliche de rada which operates in small areas 
where fish are brought for sale and to be salted. Even on 
the coasts of those countries which have ground suitable for 
this gear, the fish are so pursued that they do not remain 
permanently, having no means to satisfy their necessities. 
It is not only this gear which operates injuriously on the 
produce of the waters on the coast, but the use of poisonous 
materials and explosive substances and stakes in the 
embouchure of rivers, with many other things by which 
man mars the spontaneous production of the finny tribes. 
Two evils are attached to the use of explosives, the fish 
caught by it die without distinction of size (it telling 
with especial force on the young), and the noise frightens 
those that escape alive. In poisoning the waters the fish 
are of course deprived of the means of living in them, at 
the same time that the dead ones are rendered unfit for 
food, and repugnant to the public taste. With regard to 
the damage done by stakes at the entrance to rivers it 
must be remembered how many littoral species ascend to 
spawn in the limpid bottoms whose fine sands aid them in 
depositing their eggs, and afford facilities for impregnation 
in these tranquil places, which would not occur in fre- 
quented localities. It speaks nothing with respect to these 
impediments to transit, that certain species live both in 
fresh and salt water, since the wise English law on salmon 
fisheries expressly prohibits them. The result of not having 
