14 THE JOLA OR DECCAN GRASSHOPPER 
described for the second instar. In some cases, however, and this seems 
to be very common in the field, the nymphs in this instar assume a 
distinctly greenish colour (see Plate I, Fig. 3) with a markedly reddish 
tint on the sides of the head, along the external surface of the posterior 
femur and at the end of the abdomen. 
In this instar are to be made out the first indications of the devel- 
opment of elytra. In many cases there is a distinct downward and 
backward growth of the lower portion of the mesothoracic lobes while 
in other cases this growth is very indistinct. Scarely asign of devel- 
opment of a wing bud on the metathoracic lobe can, as yet, be made 
out (see Plate VIII, Fig. 3). 
FOURTH INSTAR. (PLATE II, FIG. 5.) 
Length of body on day of moult ... 16—-18 mm. 
Length of antennse os 2 O— tj, 
Number of segments to soon ... 13—15 
The colour variations are those noted for the third instar, the 
green variation, however, becoming more prominent. 
In this instar, we have a splitting up of the insect into two groups 
as regards wing development. In some of the nymphs the lower 
borders of both meso- and metathoracic lobes become turned up. The 
turned-up portion of the mesothoracic lobe projects about half way 
back on the metathorax, while the metathoracic lobe laps over it so as 
partially to cover it (see Plate VITI, Fig. 5). It projects but slightly be- 
hind the posterior border of the metathorax. In other nymphs of this 
stage, the wing buds are in much the same condition as that described 
for the previous instar. The metathoracic lobe is, however, more dis- 
tinctly developed and may show a slight projection at its pasterer 
border (see Plate VIII, Fig. 4). 
In my description of the Rice Grasshopper, I have recorded the 
occurrence of a similar phenomenon for that species except that it 
occurs there in the fifth and not in the fourth instar. In the case of 
the Rice Grasshopper, it was found that this difference was connected 
with differences in sex, practically all the males showing the advanced 
developmental stage. An examination of nymphs of the Deccan Grass- 
hopper in the fourth instar does not, however, show this correspond- 
ence, as will be seen from the following rearing notes. In a rearing jar 
(No. 10), there were present, on the 10th September 1910, thirteen 
nymphs all in the fourth instar. Of these, eleven were males. The 
division as regards development of wing buds was as follows :— 
A. Upturned wing buds, 7—all males. 
B. Downturned wing buds, 6—4 males and 2 females. 
A record from another jar (No. 8) taken on the 16th September 
showed, out of twelve nymphs (nine females and three males), only one 
with upturned wing buds and that a male. 
From these, as well as from other breeding observations, it appears 
that about half the males undergo the more rapid development while 
other records indicate that the females split up in much the same way 
as the males. 

