30 THE JOLA OR DECCAN GRASSHOPPER 
as possible was kept and there is no doubt that the emer- 
gence was reduced greatly on this portion. However, as 
already indicated, this difference was soon more or less 
equalized by the migration of grasshoppers from the 
surrounding plots. 
This is hardly the place to discuss the other beneficial 
effects of deep ploughing, but it may be mentioned in pass- 
ing that the work of weeding was very greatly reduced. 
No weeding was necessary on this deeply-ploughed land, 
whereas on the surrounding plots three or four weedings 
were required. The improvement in the growth of the 
crop on the deeply-ploughed portion was very noticeable, 
The use of the country plough for destroyi ing the eges 
of the Jola Grasshopper is hardly likely to yield the best 
results. T'wo types of country ploughs are in use, the one 
small and stirring only the upper three or four inches of 
soil and the other large going to a depth of about six 
inches. The diffic salty” with both is that only a part of the 
soil is actually stirred by the plough, the portions lying 
between two furrows being left untouched. Furthermore 
the clods in which the egg-masses are buried are left 
pretty much in their normal position. If work with these 
ploughs should be accompanied by a thorough breaking 
up of the clods and should be done early enough, consider- 
able good might be done. But this means the expendi- 
ture of a oreat deal of labour. Neither of these ploughs 
has any inverting power, so that they cannot be used to 
bury the egg-masses deeper in the soil, even were they 
capable of going sufficiently deep for the purpose. 
With regard to destroying the Jola Grasshopper in its 
developmental stages, it may be stated, first of all, that all 
thought of using a poison spray or a poison bait to kill the 
hoppers must be abandoned. ‘The expense of such treat- 
ment would be practically prohibitive where the hoppers 
are present over such large areas and on crops which are 
not particularly profitable. On the other hand, the danger 
of poisoning cattle, sheep and goats has to be taken into 
account. The results of experiments conducted in con- 
nection with an investigation of the Rice Grasshopper 
indicated that the carrying out of a similar series of 
experiments on the Jola Grasshopper would, in all proba- 
bility, be a waste of time and money, so no such experi- 
ments were conducted. 
