CHARACTER OF DAMAGE 5 
subfamily Pyrgomorphine and close to the genus 
Orthacris itself. Its chief distinguishing feature is the 
enlargement of the thoracic region especially in the males. 
While this fusiform shape of the body is much more 
marked in the male than in the female, still it is quite 
distinct in the latter also, especially if the specimen is 
viewed from above. 
This insect is not at all difficult to recognise and 1s 
not likely to be mistaken for any other form occurring in 
the infested regions. Its most striking feature is the 
total absence of wings and the great reduction in size in 
the wing covers or elytra. Only one other insect has been 
found by me in the affected area that might be mistaken 
for it. This isa species of Orthacris which, of course, 
also lacks wings but is hardly more than half as large as 
Colemania sphenarioides. This form has been found in 
small numbers in grass lands and on grassy strips border- 
ing fields in the neighbourhood of Honnali. It has, how- 
ever, never been seen to attack crops of any kind. It has 
more than one brood or generation in a year and so is to 
be found in the adult state at various different seasons. 
It may be noted here that the nymphs of this form bear 
a decided resemblance to those of Colemania sphenarioides 
and might be mistaken for the latter. . 
CHARACTER OF DAMAGE. 
The chief damage caused by Colemania sphenarioides 
in Mysore is, as already stated, to jola. It, however, seems 
to attack all other dry land cereals cultivated in the 
neighbourhood, such as navane (Setaria italica), sajje 
(Pennisetum typhoidium), savé (Panicum miliare) and ragi 
(Hleusine coracana) with equal severity. Jola (Andropogon 
sorghum) however forms the staple cereal of the infested 
regions and the damage to it is much more marked. 
Besides cereals, this form also attacks various puise 
crops such as green gram (Phaseolus mungo), black gram 
(Phaseolus mungo, var. radiatus) and avare (Dolichos lab- 
lab) grown in the infested area. It also feeds upon pigeon 
pea or togari (Cajanus indicus) to a certain extent. In ad- 
dition it can occasionally be found feeding on chillies (Capst- 
cum spp.) eating both the leaves and the fruits. The damage 
