RED TURPENTINE BEETLE IN ITASKA PARK 
approximately 314 cents per stump. Burning was slower and _ the 
cost therefore ran up much higher, being over 26 cents per stump. 
These figures are on the basis of $3 a day. 
Conclusions 
Altho the red turpentine beetle is abundant in Itasca Park and is 
attacking many living trees, it is responsible for the death of very 
few. Almost never is brood successfully brought to maturity in living 
trees. The infested trees are always found associated with fresh 
stumps, green logs, windfalls, or burned areas, the beetles being at- 
tracted by the freshly injured wood just as Hylurgops pinifex is at- 
tracted to freshly cut pine lath. With the reduction in the logging 
operations in Itasca Park the number of beetles and consequently the 
amount of infestation will gradually be reduced. 
The beetles breed abundantly in fresh stumps and to a lesser 
extent in logs. They are never found in slash, as they apparently 
confine their activities to the parts of the tree near the ground. Ex- 
periments in barking and scorching stumps were effective only when 
the treatment was carried down to mineral soil. When the ground 
was frozen, it was difficult if not impossible to bark low enough on 
the stump for effective results, therefore the early summer months 
following logging appear to be the ideal time for this work. Burn- 
when thoroly performed, was more effective but expensive. 
This study opens up the general question of the treatment of 
stumps and waste materials for preventing the breeding of injuriou: 
insects. It is evident from the results obtained that even tho stumps are 
barked at the time of cutting they may still be a menace. Further work 
should be carried on to detemine conclusively what methods can be most 
economically employed in handling logging debris, including stumps, 
slash, broken logs, and butts. 
ing 
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