RED TURPENTINE BEETLE IN ITASKA PARK 19 
Park the number of turpentine beetles has been much reduced. A 
few years ago, during their flight, these beetles were so abundant 
that hundreds could easily be collected as they rested on the screens 
of porches, doors, and windows. Last year very few were observed 
on the screens. 
Red Turpentine Beetle in, Green Logs and Slash 
From the considerable infestation in living trees standing near 
green logs it might naturally be assumed that such logs would pro- 
vide a favorite breeding place for the beetles, but this did not prove 
true. In the course of the work many logs, broken butts, and slash 
piles were carefully examined. Never was any sign of turpentine 
beetle work seen in slash piles or in any part of the tree which came 
from a point higher than six or eight feet above the ground. Only 
butt cuts were found infested, and in these the stump end was always 
most heavily attacked. 
Usually the infestation even in butt ends was light, but occasion- 
ally a log was found that was particularly attractive to the beetles. In 
one such instance the bark was entirely loosened from the wood and 
when stripped off a mass of almost full grown larvae was disclosed. 
Even with a mortality of 50 per cent during the pupal stage, at least 
five thousand beetles would have come to maturity in this log. But 
for this one heavily infested log, dozens were examined containing 
few or no beetles. 
In connection with other experiments in Itasca Park where hun- 
dreds of green logs have been used, it has been extremely unusual to 
find these logs attacked by the turpentine beetle. Therefore, in spite 
of an occasional heavy infestation such as that mentioned above we 
are forced to conclude that logs as a general rule do not furnish the 
best breeding place for these beetles. It seems probable that the 
infestation of trees standing near green logs is not due to beetles emerg- 
ing from these logs but to beetles attracted to the spot by the presence 
of freshly cut material. Once there they attack the trees. 
A comparable instance of this sort of attraction may be cited in 
the case of Hylurgops pinifex Fitch. This species is strongly attracted 
to freshly cut pine either with or without bark. It is not at all uncommon 
in the spring to find bundles of green pine lath filled with beetles of 
this species. Sometimes more than one hundred individuals have been 
found in a single bundle. 
The favorite breeding place of the red turpentine beetle proved 
to be freshly cut Norway pine stumps. Fresh stumps were almost 
