6 NINETEENTH REPORT STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA—IQ22 
but the prompt action of the county agent in organizing the farmers 
and ge‘ting them to spread the poison bait of bran and arsenic stopped 
the invasion at the outset. Grasshoppers were reported doing damage 
around Grand Rapids on the edge of the Iron Range, but the injury 
did not prove serious. From specimens obtained the principal depre- 
dator here was Melanoplus bruneri Scudder, a species never previously 
reported as doing damage in Minnesota. 
In 1922 no reports were received of damage done in the state by 
erasshoppers. 
Hessian fly (Mayctiola destructor Say ) 
For some unknown reason fhe hessian fly has done no serious 
damage in Minnesota for many years. In 1922, a field of winter wheat 
near Waconia was badly injured by this pest. It is too early to say 
whetker the insect has obtained sufficient foothold to continue its 
depredations. 
The best preventive remedies are plowing under stubble as soon 
after harvest as possible, keeping down volunteer wheat, rotation of 
crops, and in the case of winter wheat, sowing as late as possible, not 
before September 2 
Chinch Bug (Blissus leucopterus Say ) 
In Minnesota fifteen and twenty years ago innumerable chinch bugs 
destroyed the grains and corn. Since 1908 there has been no authentic 
record of this insect being present in the state. In 1922 some specimens 
were sent in from the northern part of the state. We were unable 
to find, however, that they had done any damage. The last two seasons 
Fave been very favorable for their reproduction, being hot and dry, 
and therefore this insect may again become a serious pest in the near 
future. 
Apple Maggot (IRhagoletis pomonella Walsh) 
One of the pests that has given much trouble is the apple maggot 
or railroad worm. This was first found in Minnesota orchards in 
1919. At picking time very little notice is taken of the work of the 
insect, but soon after the apples are placed in storage complaints begin 
to come in. The real orchard grower is awake to the difficulty but 
the small grower and the farmer with a small orchard do not appreciate 
the damage until they begin to use the stored fruit. One small grower 
in 1922 harvested his fruit and put it away in the cellar. A few weeks 
afterward. he was unable to find a sound apple in his crop of 60 bushels. 
