SYNOPTICAL KEY TO THE APHIDIDAE OF MINNESOTA 145 
a. Radial sector arising from behind the stigma; found on Conifera........ 
Supertribe MINDAREA 108 
b. Sector arising from the middle of the stigma; fundatrix with six segments 
to the antennae; sexes with rostrum; found on woody plents.......... 
Supertribe PHYLLAPHIDEA 111 
c. Pena usually with five segments to the antennae, sometimes with six ; 
sexes without rostrum; found in folded or twisted leaves, sometimes in 
(Se US Pepe aCe ene Re eu inae iene ine (ae MA Supertribe SCHIZONEUREA tar 
d. Fundatrix usually with only four segments to the antennae; sexes without 
rostrum; found in galls and on roots........ Supertribe PEMPHIGEA 129 
108. Supertribe MINDAREA. In the Mindarea the stigmal vein 
arises from the base or back of the stigma and runs as a straight vein 
to the margin of the wing. This is considered as a very primitive 
condition that is known also from fossil forms. Only one tribe is 
known 
ies Ware thea oye. MY LIUINIDUANIRG TIN [I lise os 6 a ceca aicela 8 cicteieteap ino cin io. a oto isos encase 109 
tog. Tribe MINDARINI. With the same characters as the super- 
tribe. Only one genus is known at present: 
Fee Sia nbs PING DANN WIS oer AER ed a ATA Are STE Be Corea h se abio nce co Achy irae sae 110 
110. Genus MINDARUS Koch, 1857. Type: Mindarus abietinus 
Koch, 1857. Antennae 6-jointed; sensoria round or oval; cauda 
obvious ; the sexes are both apterous and provided with rostrum. Found 
exclusively on Conifera. 
(122) -MINDARUS ABIETINUS Koch, 1857 
Found on pine and spruce, twisting the needles. 
I1k. Supertribe PHYLLAPHIDEA. The position of the antennae 
indicate the Pemphiginae relations of all the tribes included. Some 
Phyllaphidint and Vacunini show Callipterini characters, while the 
Anoectini and Vacunini also show Chaitophorini relations. The fol- 
lowing tribes may be recognized: 
a. Media twice branched; sexes with male alate and female apterous........ 
Tribe PHYLLAPHIDINI 112 
b. Media with only one branch; sexes sometimes both alate or both apterous. . 
Tribe TAMALIINI 114 
c. Antennzee with long hairs; sexes both small and apterous................. 
Tribe ANOECIINI 117 
d. Hind wing with only one oblique vein; sexes alate or apterous.......... 
Tribe VACUNINI 119 
Tribe PHYLLAPHIDINI. Forms living free on plants. pro- 
tected by abundant secretion ; media of fore wings with two branches : 
a Genicu Gree WMC em orien se a... t edad ais hs pa s,s 113 
