302 
the wit and policy of men her hunters, (for 
being inclosed, she can never get out again,) 
the Hunters being at hand to watch her down- 
fall, and work her overthrow, first of all to 
save her young ones from taking and taming, 
she destroyeth them all with her own teeth; 
for there was never any of them taken alive; 
and when she seeth the Hunters come about 
her, she roareth, cryeth, howleth, brayeth, 
? 
c= om 
ZB =] Wiss 
S ite. # Hl 
A 7) 
Above, the iguana; below, the manatee, or sea-cow. 
ures are from Oviedo’s History of the Indies, 1535, and are the 
earliest known representations of these animals 
and uttereth such a fearfull, noysome and 
terrible clamor, that the men which watch to 
lall her, are not thereby a little amazed, but 
at last being animated, because there can be 
no resistance, they approach, and with their 
darts and spears wound her to death, and then 
take off her skin, and leave the careass in 
the earth. And this is all that I finde re- 
corded of this most savage Beast.” 
THE AMERICAN MUSEUM JOURNAL 
Peter Martyr, as already remarked, 
gives the earliest and at the same time a 
very satisfactory account of the tapir. 
The next writer after the “Father of 
American history,” as this author has 
been called, to describe the tapir is the 
bachiller Enciso, whose ‘Swma de Geo- 
grafia’, was first published at Seville in 
1519. In 1526 Gonzalo 
— Fernandez de Oviedo pub- 
lished the Sumario, or epit- 
ome of his comprehensive 
history, and in chapters 
twelve and twenty-two of 
H the shorter work are to be 
found excellent descrip- 
f] i] 
& <j#  tionsof the tapir and arma- 
H dillo. Theearliest printed 
YT / figure of the armadillo is 
found in the Exoticorum of 
Clusius or L’ Escluse (1605), 
in which work are also 
found figures, based upon 
original observation, of the 
manatee. De 
Laet in his Novus Orbis 
sloth and 
(1633), and George Marc- 
grav! in his justly famous 
treatise on Brazilian natu- 
ral history (1648), both 
the 
by Clusius of the rare 
copy figure given 
three-banded armadillo. 
1There have been published, 
by Martius and Lichtenstein, 
excellent commentaries on the 
plants and animals of Brazil 
which were described by George 
Marcgrav and Wilhelm Piso 
under the editorship of De 
Laet in 1648, and the same 
service was performed by Lichtenstein for the 
Mexican quadrupeds described by Francisco 
Hernandez in the Latin edition of his Historie 
Animalium published in 1628. (Abhandl. Akad. 
Wiss. Berlin 1827, pp. 88-127. See also earlier 
volumes for Maregrav). On Hernandez and his 
works, see O. Rich, Books relating to America, 
pp. 72-74, and Joseph Sabin, Bibliotheca Ameri- 
cana, Vol. viii, pp. 239-241. The commentary by 
Martius, the Munich botanist, is found in Ab- 
handl. k. bayer. Akad., 1853, vol. vii. 
Both fig- 
