postelsia 29 



wards the forest by a turf building group of 

 plants constituting a gramineous-cy peraceous 

 society. It is composed chiefly of the typical 

 turf builders, grasses, sedges and rushes, which 

 by their rhizomes and roots bind and mat to- 

 gether the upper layers of the soil very firmly. 

 The soil even down to the underlying rocks 

 seems to be of purely organic origin as evinced 

 by its color and consistency. It holds a great 

 amount of moisture and in many places boggy 

 spots and even small pools occur. In such the 

 water is generally of a brownish color, due no 

 doubt to the presence of a great amount of 

 organic matter which is drained directly in from 

 the heavy mould of the adjoining forest. The 

 following species are generally found in this 

 grass-sedge society:— 



Calamagrostis aleutica Junciis ejjusiis 



Calamagrostls hyperborea J uncus halticus 

 Deschampsia caespitosa J uncus cnsijolius 



Trisetiim nutkaensis J uncus falcatus alaskensis 

 Carex cryptocarpa Luziila comosa 



Carex flava rectirostrata Tojieldia intermedia 

 Carex sitchensis Glaux maritima 



