postelsia 45 



Menziesia urceolaria Ruhus spectahilis 



Vacciuiuui parvijoliiim Gaiiltheria shaUon 



Mains riviilaris occurs generally in the form 

 of a low shrub, 2-4 meters high, and in this form 

 is found mostly towards the edge of the forest or 

 in the salal zone. When, however, it appears in 

 the denser parts of the forest it frecjuently as- 

 sumes a liane like character of growth, its long 

 slender stems, often 10-15 meters, finding sup- 

 port on the branches of adjoining trees and 

 reaching upwards where they can obtain suf- 

 ficient light. When so growing the stems often 

 attain a greater diameter above than at the base. 



Herbaceous undergrowth. — The rich humus- 

 laden soil of the forest supports a shade- 

 loving herbaceous vegetation which is quite char- 

 acteristic. Mosses and liverworts occur in great 

 profusion, covering logs and stumps and the 

 lower portions of the growing trees. Several 

 species of ferns are found in great abundance, of 

 which Lomaria spicant and Polystichum munitum 

 (PL VII.) are the most common. The 

 latter attains great size and beauty in the damp 

 deeply shaded places. Dryopteris spinnlosa and 



