72 IPostelsia 



sified than in the other places. The forest fring- 

 ing zone is here made up mostly of the following 

 shrubby types: Riibus spcctabilis, Corniis nut- 

 tallii, Salix silchciisis, together with a few her- 

 baceous species like Elymiis cilialiis, Cardamine 

 angulala, V iola ij^labcUa, and Washingtonia divar- 

 icata. 



The remaining part of the backstrand ex- 

 hil)its general uniformity in its composition and 

 is the least complex of all. Two species of wil- 

 low predominate, Salix sitchcnsis and Sulix 

 lasiiuidra. The species of Carcx observed in the 

 mid strand societies force themselves in among 

 the willows here and there but not in any con- 

 siderable numbers. 



The whole back strand zone in its main 

 characteristics is a complex of shrubby forms. 

 Herbaceous annuals and perennials occur but 

 nowhere in such groui)ings or abundance as to 

 materially change the tone. The zone passes 

 almost directly into the typical forest of the sur- 

 rounding hills and slopes. In natural groups or 

 societies of vegetation there are no sharp lines of 

 demarcation; one grades into another. Between 



