i6o p s t e I s la 



are conspicuous objects beneath the trees. 

 Throughout the greater part of its range, Pinus 

 montkola grows at high altitudes, reaching up 

 to ten thousand feet in California, but in south- 

 western Vancouver Island it grows sparingly 

 throughout the coast forest and is often abund- 

 ant a short distance back from the shore at an 

 altitude of about five hundred feet. Even at 

 this altitude the summer fogs are much lighter 

 than ui)on the shore, and the summer days are 

 trenerallv warmer. Trees close to the ocean are 

 usually somewhat stunted in growth. 



Pill us alhicaiiUs Engclmann, Trans. St. Louis 

 Acad. 2:209. 1863. 



A small alpine tree with stout flexible 

 branches; foliage leaves in fascicles of five, stout, 

 rigid, dark green, acute, 4-7 centimeters long; 

 cones dark purple, oval or subglobose, hori- 

 zontal, sessile, 4-9 centimeters long; cone-scales 

 much thickened, terminating in stout incurved 

 triangular tips; seeds 1.5 centimeters long, fall- 

 ing without any attached wing. In the high 

 mountains of British Columbia south of latitude 



