lyS IP s t e I 6 ia 



uously grooved on the upper side, pale below, 

 rounded at the apex, 5-20 millimeters long, with 

 long and short leaves intermingled on the same 

 twig; cones oblong-oval, sessile, 2-3 centimeters 

 long, their scales thin, flexible, longer than 

 broad, often abruptly contracted below the 

 middle; seeds about 3 millimeters long, with 

 few resin vesicles and long narrow wings. Alaska 

 to central California, eastward to the Rocky 

 ]\Iountains of British Columbia and Montana. 

 Enduring without injury greater extremes of 

 both licat and cold than the tideland spruce, 

 the western hemlock ranges higher on the moun- 

 tains and much farther into the interior than 

 the latter tree. It is not, however, so well 

 adapted to the short cold summers of the Alaska 

 coast, and does not extend as far westward as 

 the spruce. It is one of the most abundant trees 

 of southern Vancouver Island, forming every- 

 where a large, and often the predominant ele- 

 ment in the mixed forest of the low country near 

 the coast. It is usuallv a somewhat smaller tree 

 than the tideland spruce when the two are grow- 

 ino; together under similar circumstances. Its 



