512 Rev. Mr Wixu1ams on one Source of the 
to Troy and Asia Minor, to regard themselves as “ fratres” and 
* consanguinei.” 
This community of origin produced very marked political 
sympathies, which were of no small aid to the Romans in extend- 
ing their empire. In the very romantic account given by Livy 
of the passage of the Cimminian Ridge by a Fabius, and the 
defeat of the Etrurians in the vicinity of Perusia, one thing 
alone appears historical, that at a very remote period a league 
was concluded between the Romans and Camertian Umbrians, 
for the sake of mutual protection against the Tuscans. Of this 
treaty Cicero says,’ that even in his time it was regarded “ sanc- 
tissimum et equissimum.” From the same speech we learn 
that there was a similar treaty with the Umbrians of Iguvium. 
Wars with the Umbrians there were none, and the one battle 
which preceded their final submission to Rome, was, if we can 
believe Livy,’ almost a bloodless one. In the words of Cramer,’ 
“ the Umbri appeared to have offered but little resistance to the 
Romans, nor is it improbable that this politic people took advan- 
tage of their differences with the Etruscans, to induce them at 
least to remain neuter, whilst they were contending with the 
latter power.” Here, also, CRAMER’s opinion on the question,’ 
partly examined by me, may be advanced, and as he had no hy- 
pothesis to maintain, great weight ought to be given to his con- 
clusion. “ ZENopoTuUS was of opinion that the Sabines were 
descended from the Umbri, and although it is customary to re- 
gard them as belonging to the Oscan race, I see no reason why the 
latter people, who are very indistinctly classed and defined, 
should not be considered as descended from the same indigenous 
stock ; nay, rather when we consider the analogy which is allowed 
to exist between the several ancient dialects of Italy, and the 
uniformity of topographical nomenclature, which may be traced 
1 Lib. 9. 36. * Oratio pro Balbo. 3 Lib. 9. cap. 4. 
* Vol. i. 254. > Dor252 
