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Non-Hellenic Portion of the Latin Language. 545 
Deva (Chester), the station of the twentieth legion, would to this 
day almost serve as a boundary between the English and Welsh 
counties. Add to this, that the inscriptions of Roman workman- 
ship to the west of this line are too trifling to allow us to suppose 
that any long occupation of the country could have taken place. 
Were it otherwise it would be difficult to account for the station- 
ary position of two out of the three legions by which Britain was 
garrisoned, the one at Caerleon, the other at Chester. The Ro- 
man legions in the provinces, liable to hostile attacks, had their 
head-quarters almost invariably on the frontiers. It is, therefore, 
almost impossible to account for the selection of two such points 
as these, without the supposition that the legions were placed 
there to guard against the attacks of a race which, if vanquished, 
was nevertheless unbroken in spirit. Even the very grammar of 
the language and the traditions of better times long anterior to 
the Roman invasion, are proofs that as far as the western portions 
of Great Britain are concerned, the amalgamation with Rome was 
never completed. Still, however, the long residence of the Ro- 
mans in the island, with the known influence always produced by 
such a state of things, renders every statement grounded on the 
similarity alone of the languages of the two races, the conquered 
and the conquerors, liable to suspicion. I have, therefore, been 
compelled to enter upon an exceedingly difficult investigation, 
which, if successful, must prove the radical identity of the Latin 
and Cumrian tongues. The proof is this— 
If there are derivative words in the Latin, of which we must 
seek the primitives in the Cumrian, and if these primitives be 
shewn to furnish an explanation of many words before inexpli- 
cable on etymological principles. For example, if the verb “ to 
tread,” under various forms, be found with the meaning, “to 
trample with the feet,” in most of the western languages of Eu- 
rope, and have no noun to base itself upon in these languages, 
and yet the noun, “ traed the feet” be found in one of them, the 
inference is irresistible that the verb in all its forms was derived 
