482 ON THE ANALOGY IN THE FORMATION OF SOME 



a double Preterite, as well as a double Future and Aorist. 

 Thus, 





iTu-^a, Tirv<pa. 1. Pret. 



iTUTOv rirvTra. 2. Pret. 



It is no objection to this account, that the second Preterite 

 may sometimes be found in a middle signification ; for active 

 verbs in all languages are sometimes used as middle, the reci- 

 procal pronoun being conceived, though not expressed. Thus 

 l/ATa.(ia,yKu in Greek, accingo in Latin, prepare in English : 

 omnes accingunt operi, — they all prepare (themselves) for the 

 work. 



2. in the second Preterite, or Preterite middle, uniformly 

 arises from a in the Present, and from nothing else. 



That <p9a^iu, [Aii^u, aya^u, and other such verbs having a li- 

 quid before &», make i(pSo^a,, i^iijuo^a., hyo^a, and not fA-si^ct^a, 

 l(p6oi§ci, fiyoi^a., &c. is no exception from the rule. For all 

 such verbs probably had of old not n, but s only, in the pe- 

 nult. Thus <p9a§m seems to have been of old (pSeppu), whence 

 the old or ^olic Future (phga-u. So {jt^etgu was f/^eppu, whence 

 pbi^og pars ; and the old or ^olic form ayippu is still to be 

 found. In like manner, (Bi(3o>.a. seems, as Dr Moor has ob- 

 served, to be formed, not from /3«xXiy, but from the old verb 

 /SeXXiw, whence jSeXo? jaculum. 



3. Although the 1st Preterite, or Perfect active, generally 

 follows the analogy of the 1st Future, yet it sometimes, too, 

 observes that of the 2d. Thus, 



