316 GINGLYMACONCHA. VENERIDZ. 
1. CARDIUM ACULEATUM. 
Shells nearly cordate, oblique ; the ribs distant and convex, 
with an excavated line; the anterior ribs spinous, the hinder 
ones bearing papille ; the interstices flattened and transversely 
striated ; the epidermis fuscous brown, painted with rays and 
spots of the same colour, more intense. Height four; cireum- 
ference eleven inches. 
Cardium aculeatum, Linn. Syst. Nat. xu. 1122. no.78; Penn. 
Brit. Zool. iv. 90. t. 1. f. 37; Da. Costa, Brit. Conch. 175; 
Chem. Conch. vi. t. xv. f. 155-157; Gmel. Syst.- Nat. 
3247; Brug. Encyel. Méthod. t. ecxevii. f. 1; Donov. Brit. 
Shells, t. vi.; Mont. Test. Brit. 77 ; M.& R. Trans. Linn. 
Soc. vill. 62; Flem. Edinb. Encycl. vii. 92; Wood, Gen. 
Conch. i. 208. t. xlix. f. 1, 2; Lam. Hist. Nat. des Anim. 
sans Vert. vi. part. 1. 7; Dill. Dese. Cat. 207; Turt. 
Conch. Dict. 28. 
This species is extremely common in the European seas in 
deep water on sandy bottoms. 
In young specimens the hinder spines are much sharper than 
in the adults. 
2, CARDIUM ECHINATUM. 
Shells rotundately-cordate, nearly equilateral, with very much 
elevated ribs, placed very near to each other, with an excavated 
line somewhat interrupted, and armed with very numerous 
approximating inflexed spines, the hinder ones obtuse; the 
interstices slightly concave, and wrinkled. The epidermis fer- 
rugineous brown, more or less mixed with white, and generally. 
concentrically banded with ferrugineous brown. Length and 
height two inches. 
Cardium echinatum, Lister, Anim. Angl. t. v. f.33; Conch. 
t. ecexxiv. f. 161; Linn. Faun. Suec. 2139; Syst. Nat. xii. 
1122. no. 79; Murray, Amen. dead. t. uu. f. 19; Mill. 
Zool. Dan. 46. t. xii. f. 12: .t. xv. f..1=4:) Pere 
Zool. iv. 90; Gmel. Syst. Nat. 3247; Da Costa, Brit. 
Conch. 176. t. xiv. f. 2; Chem. Conch. vi. t. xvi. f.. 158; 
Pult. Cat. Dorset. 30. t. vi. f. 2; Donov. Brit. Shells, 
