12 
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that both sides of the stream should be planted instead 
of cultivating twice the distance on one side. This being 
done with the object of providing a perfect shelter in some 
place, and valuable observations may be obtained by doing 
so. A great many American and other foreign trees might 
well be introduced, as, for example, the Swamp Cypress 
(Taxodium distichum), a great tree yielding a finely-grained 
timber, hard and durable, and the Leverwood tree (Ostrya 
Virginica), which besides excellent timber furnishes a 
relished forage from its rich foliage; these, and a great 
many more, might have a good effect on the river fishing 
besides other advantages. But it is particularly the willows 
to which our attention should be drawn. The preference 
which these trees have for water, and particularly for run- 
ning water, is well known, and points directly to the prac- 
ticability of placing them in those localities so well suited 
for them. The fish like willows, and I have often times in 
Australia seen the best fishing places close to where some 
weeping willows (Salix Babylonica) had taken the place of 
the indigenous and even more shady wattles (acacias). 
The yearly consumption of osiers in England is far 
ereater than the national supply, and as the basket in- 
dustry is constantly on the increase, it would also on this 
account be advisable to further the cultivation of the osier 
willows. For light, sandy banks, the best willow should be 
Salix Purpurea, and, as it is so easily propagated, it will 
well repay the cost of cultivation, besides binding the 
banks, making them firm, and adding to the health of the 
locality as well as that of the water. For more clayey 
soil, S. viminalis and the now celebrated S. capr@a, so 
much sought for powder factories, should be the best. 
The cuttings must be taken from the one to two year old 
shoots, and be put 1 to 14 foot apart, in double or treble 
