24 INTRODUCTION. 
removed ina perfect state. In the few boxes which I have 
receiyed, seven shells are not referable to any known genus, 
and two hundred and ten species, besidésnine species of Po- 
lypi, are not referable toany known species. These are now 
first described, and figured. Sharks’ teeth of several differ- 
ent forms; part of a claw of a species of Cancer; some 
fragments of a fossil very similar to what Brander figures 
under the name of Palatium pisciwm, and the tooth, spine 
and vertebree of fish were found among the sand. In the 
further investigation of this stratum, the fossil concholo- 
gist has a field rich in its products, and the harvest will 
amply reward his industry. 
“No. 4. This represents a thin stratum lying upon the 
above, No. 3; it is about eighteen inches in thickness.” 
This specimen was large, and on breaking it into frag- 
ments, casts of several genera were observed. The calca- 
reous matter of the shell presenting nothing more, ge- 
nerally, than a white powder, being completely de- 
composed, identification of species was impossible. The 
genera which seem most to prevail, are Avicula, Venus, 
Crepidula and Turritella, and were I to decide on the mat- 
ter, I should, perhaps, refer them to the same species 
which exist in the inferior stratum, No. 3. The mass of 
the rock is friable, easily separating into irregular pieces, 
and is composed chiefly of light and dark green grains of 
quartzose sand. These grains do not present angles, but 
are rounded and smooth, and are cemented by carbonate 
of lime, the analysis proving the mass to possess about 
thirty-three per cent. It will scarcely admit of a doubt, 
that this is of the same epoch as the last described stratum. 
“No. 5. A specimen of a stratum, two feet thick, next 
above No. 4, and lies under a thick stratum of rotten 
limestone, which reaches near to the top of the bluff” 
This is a mass of sand and shells slightly adhering, 
by an earthy ferruginous matter, which gives a reddish 
