745 
56. M. L. MARCHLEWSKI m. t. O pochodzeniu cholehematyny. {The ori- 
gin of cholehaematin). (Sur l'origine de la choléhématine). 
In my previous communications I have shown that cholehae- 
matin Mac Munn’s is identical with bilipurpurin, isolated from 
ox-bile by Löbisch and Fischler, and with phylloerythrine isolated 
by myself from faeces of cows fed exelusively with fresh grass. 
I pointed out that the latter is most probably a derivative of chlo- 
rophyll inasmuch as only faeces of cows fed with fresh grass con- 
tain this substance. In order to settle the question definitely it was 
necessary to ascertain the conditions of formation of cholehaematin 
in the bile. To this end I experimented with a sheep, which was 
provided with a biliary fistula and examined the composition of the 
outflowing bile under the influence of various foods. At first the 
bile of the grass fed sheep was examined. It was coloured brownish 
red and showed already in the raw state cholehaematin bands. In 
order to isolate the colouring matter I proceeded as follows: the 
bile was first evaporated to a syrop on the water bath and alcohol 
added. The filtrate from insoluble albuminous and other matters 
was again evaporated to dryness. The residue was next dissolved 
in water, acidulated with dilute sulphurie acid and, not taking 
notice of the slight milky emulsion produced, shaken up with ether. 
The latter took up a red colouring matter; after washing with small 
portions of water the ethereal solution was evaporated and the resi- 
due dissolved in alcohol. The aleoholie solution gave after standing 
for a short time a reddish preeipitate, which was collected on a 
filter and washed several times with small quantities of alcohol. 
This precipitate represents comparatively pure cholehaematin viz. 
phylloerythrine, it possesses all the eharacteristie properties of the 
latter. 
On the 5" of June the sheep was kept to dry food free from 
chlorophyll. On the 6" of June in the evening the first portion of 
bile was drawn and examined on the following day. The eolour of 
the bile was green, and in its spectrum no bands of cholehaematin 
were observed, but instead a comparatively dark band in the red, 
corresponding to the wave lengths 2619 — 2655. Ether added to 
the bile did not cause any change of colour, but under its influ- 
ence the band in the red disappeared and the band of cholehae- 
matin came into view. The bile was next evaporated on the water- 
bath to a syrop, aleohol added and filtered. The filtrate possessed 
