Particularly of the LE'tTER 2 1 F M A. 123 



" ny are double ? Three, Z,, |, •^. How many are immutable ? 

 " Four, whicli are alfo called liquids, X, ^, v, ^ *." The re- 

 maining nine confonants are called mutes by all the gram- 

 marians : Of which three, to wit, t, k, r, are termed i^iXk, 

 fmootbj three, to wit, <p, y^, 9-, are Patrice, rough, or denfe ; and 

 three, to wit, /3, y, S^, are ^Aira,, intermediate j in fuch a manner, 

 that each fmooth one has an intermediate and a denfe one to 

 correfpond to it, which three are faid to be of the fame rank, 

 becaufe they nearly refemble each other in the manner in 

 which the vocal oi'gans exert themfelves in pronouncing them ; 

 the firft rank ^, /3, (p, being labial, the fecond k, y, y^, being pa- 

 latine, and the third r, '^, 6, being dental, as is well known to 

 every one who has the fmallefl acquaintance with the princi- 

 ples of the Greek tongue. Aristotle has defined, with his 

 ufual acutenefs and precifion, the difference betwixt a vowel, a 

 femivowel and a mute. " A vowel (fays he) is that which, 

 " without any allifion of the organs, hath an audible found, 

 " as « and a. A femivowel is that which, with an allifion, 

 " hath an audible found, as a- and ^ . A mute is that which, 

 " with an allifion, hath by itfelf indeed no audible found, but 

 " is audible in conjundlion with the vowels, as y and h f ." 



I AM fenfible that the arrangement of the confonants by tire 

 Greek grammarians, has not been approved of by fome late 

 writers on the fubjedt of grammar ; and there is no doubt but 

 another might be fhewn which would feem better adapted to 



0^2 the 



CoAee, »tj H5 TO ffiyyiA* vaffct otirXci j i^t^y ^t I3 4" Taca ufAirei^cXx J tzcctiz^Xj u jt vyfiu hiyoilai. 

 \ i"> '» S- Emanuelis Chrysolorae Gr* Gram, Injlitutiones, F^en* apu^ Jo, Fakkevm 

 et Fratres, 1 2mo. Paginis defunt numerz, 



\ £$-( J! ip^i^sn ^ttj anu Trgoc^boA^; f%oy ^Wfijv ax.Htn%u otov, ra a x«i <y. Hfit^atan Je, to fA.ilek 



vos^t'ecv tp^ov (puvijVf f^iroL S'l tvv Ip^ovTotv tiv» ^U¥^v yivofAivov uy.UffTOH* otov, to y ka) to ^. IIe^* 



