122 On the UTILITY of defining 
WuEN tempeflivus is applied to events, it fuppofes them ei- 
ther as returning in a regular viciflitude, or as happening at 
their proper period, and of courfe being well-timed. “ Quam 
“ tempeftivos.autem dedit, quam falutares non modo hominum, 
“« fed etiam pecudum generi, iis denique omnibus quz oriun- 
** tur ex terra, ventos etefios ? Quorum flatu nimii temperantur 
“« calores *.”’—‘* Ego vero propter fermonis deleCtationem tem- 
“* peflivis quoque conviviis delector fee? 
Et tempe/tivum pueris concedere ludum f. 
NaAvis, RATIS, CYMBA, SCAPHA, LINTER, agree in de- 
noting a machine for conveying both perfons and the fubjects 
of trade by water from one place to another, but differ, in re- 
{pe&t to the fize or the conftruction of that fpecies, to which 
each can be properly applied. The firft indeed is a generic 
term, applicable to a veffel of any kind, of whatever dimenfions, 
or however formed. 
Navem agere ignarus zavis timet §. 
The poet has here no intention to fpecify the kind of fhip, as 
the danger from ignorance is the fame in all kinds. “ Confi- 
“ cit optime curfum navis, que fcientiflimo gubernatore uti- 
cot ben tts: 
Tue generality of the term navis is often limited by the ap- 
plication of adjectives, which mark the ufe of particular f{pe- 
cies; as, Navis longa, marina, fluviatilis, pifcatoria, oneraria, 
adtuaria; &c. 
Ratis differs from navis in denoting the rudeft vehicle. to 
which a perfon can commit himfelf on water. The poets fome- 
» times 
* Cic. N. D. 52. 5. § Hor. Ep. 2. 1. 114 
+ Cie. de Sen. 14. ** Cic. in Ver. 244. 0. 
+ Hor. Ep. 2. 2- 142+ 
