64 REPORT — 1844. 



in the localities explored. Among the more interesting facts recorded in these 

 papers were the following : — rolled specimens of Purpura lapillus, a shell which lives 

 only above low-water mark, were found in twenty-eight to thirty fathoms water on 

 the gravelly bed of a line of current, at the distance of eight miles from the nearest 

 shore. In the same line of current it was found that the few mollusca which lived 

 there, such as Modiolee and Limse, had constructed nests, or protecting cases of 

 pebbles, bound together by threads of byssus ; and one species, the Modiola discre- 

 pans, had made its nest of the leaf-hke expansions of Flustra foliacea cemented to- 

 gether. The attention of the dredgtrs was directed, among other subjects, to the 

 distribution of Serpulse, and the results of their researches were confirmatory of the 

 statements recently advanced by Dr. Phillippi of Cassel, namely, that no dependence 

 could be placed, even as to the genus, on the shell of a Serpula, perfectly similar 

 shells being constructed bv animals of different genera. Thus they found all the Ser- 

 pulse of a particular form in twelve fathoms water to be a species of Eupomatus, 

 whilst exactly similar shells in twenty fathoms proved to be the habitations of a 

 species of the genus wanting opercula, of which S. tubularia is the type. All the 

 triangular Serpulae they met with were Pomaioceros tricuspis. In twelve fathoms, at 

 the entrance of the Menai Straits, they dredged the shell of Helix aspersa, the com- 

 mon snail, covered with barnacles and Serpulae, and inhabited by a hermit crab. 



Second, of a series of records of dredging operations conducted by Mr. Hyndman 

 on the north coast of Ireland. ^ 



On some Animals new to the British Seas, discovered by Mr. M'Andrew. 

 By Prof. E. Foubes. 



The additions to the British Fauna now brought forward were taken by Mr. 

 M'Andrew on the western coast of Scotland. They are, — 1st, a remarkable new 

 zoophyte allied to Virgularia. This sea-pen is no less than two feet six inches in 

 length, thus far exceeding in dimensions any British zoophytes of that genus, and 

 differs also from all in having a perfectly quadrangular skeleton ; it is the Funicu- 

 laria quadrangularis. It was taken near Kerrera, in tw^enty fathoms water, on 

 muddy ground, and is probably abundant there. 2ad. Pleurotoma teres, a shell of 

 which only two specimens have hitherto been found, and those on the coast of 

 Asia Minor. The British specimen is much larger than either of those taken in 

 the .(Egean by Prof. E. Forbes, and was dredged in forty fathoms water on mud. 

 3rd. Eulima Macandrmi. a small but beautiful new species, differing from its 

 British allies in the narrowness, flatness, and number (11) of the whorls, and in the 

 angularity of its aperture. 4th. The Emarginula crassa of Sowerby, hitherto only 

 known as a fossil, in which state it is found in the various crag deposits, and by Mr. 

 Lyell in the Pleistocene of Norway. It is a most beautiful species, find the largest 

 European member of the genus. Mr. M'Andrew dredged it alive in twenty-five 

 fathoms in Loch Fine. It appears to have been also taken within the last year 

 by Mr. Jeffreys and Mr. Alder. 5th. The singular radiate animal, which Miiller 

 figured in the ' Zoologia Danica ' under the name of Holothuria squamata. Several 

 other Mollusca and Radiata, probably new to the British Fauna, but as yet not suffi- 

 ciently investigated, were also laid before the meeting by Mr. M'Andrew. 



On Marine Zoology. By Charles William Peach. 



The interesting annelid, the Nereis iubicola of Miiller, was minutely described 

 from specimens he had obtained alive from off the Cornish coast. He also noticed 

 an annelid which is invariably found in the same shell with the Pagurus bernhardus,. 

 or Hermit Crab. This annelid varies in length from one inch to ten in length. 



The nidus of a Doris had been met with in great numbers, and also the animal, in 

 the spring of the present year ; some he kept in sea- water in his house, which de- 

 posited their ova, and from which he succeeded in rearing the young. He minutely 

 described them, showing that although in the adult state they are naked, they are 

 clothed when young with a nautiloidal shelly covering. He also noticed that the 

 young of the Buccinum reticulatum is found in a similar nautiloidal shell, with simi- 

 lar appendages and habits. 



