TRANSACTIONS OF THE SECTIONS. 107 



carbonate of soda often forms a secondary impregnation without being accompanied 

 by either of these gases. 



It is a little singular, this variety of water being so extensively met with in this 

 county, that it should either be rave, or have excited little attention in other parts of 

 the country. It is scarcely mentioned in chemical treatises. 



This water is deservedly in high repute for some domestic purposes ; but I think 

 sufficient attention is not paid to the medicinal effects, whether beneficial or other- 

 wise, of a long continuance of even small doses of carbonate of soda, when these 

 effects are increased, like those of other substances, by the state of dilution and the 

 bulk of fluid. Lastly, such is the inaptitude of some persons for judging of the qualities 

 of a water without analysis, that I have met with some who considered every water 

 obtained by horing as " Holbeck water," and expected it to answer all the purposes 

 of that really valuable kind. One spring of this description, passing under the name 

 of Holbeck water, yielded 



Sulphate of lime 35-27 



Carbonate of lime 6-1 



Carbonate of soda 18-63 Total... 60, including traces 



of chloride of magnesium. 



Or supposing the interchange between the carbonate of soda and its equivalent of 



lime, on concentration in the boiler to be complete there would remain 



Sulphate of lime 3-16 



Carbonate of Hme 32-00 



Sulphate of soda 24-84 Total... 60. 



In fact, instead of the boiler remaining clean, as with carbonate of soda alone, the 

 "fur" was taken from it, in frequent cleansings, by barrow loads. 



At Calverley near Bradford, is a powerful chalybeate, in which the iron is in the 

 state of sulphate, with much sulphate of lime, but I have no account of the exact 

 proportions. 



Among the flag-stones to the north and west of Bradford are many excellent 

 springs, which I have had occasion to analyse ; the following are among them : — 



Sulphate of lime 2-3r) Sulphate of lime ... 2-7 2-35 



Sulphate of soda 1-37 Carbonate of lime... -2 1-67 



Carbonate of soda -23 Carbonate of soda... 2-5 2-48 



Total... 4- 5-4 6-5 



Occasional traces of chlorides in some specimens. 



The water at Ilkley, lately ushered into fresh notice by the establishment of baths 

 and the other adjuncts of the cold water cure of Preissnitz, under the new appellation 

 of Ben Rhydding, I have not had occasion to analyse. It has been stated to owe its 

 chemical distinction to extreme purity, but the analysis does not bear out this account. 



Chloride of sodium "657 



Sulphate of soda -366 



Sulphate of lime -2 



Carbonate of lime 2-353 



Carbonate of magnesia 1-04 



Silicate of soda 1-0G6 



Peroxide of iron (?) -060 Total... 5-742. 



The proportion of solid matter is small, but greater than in the Sheffield or the Brad- 

 ford waters. 



At Skipton there are hot and cold baths, supplied by a spring, slightly saline and 

 sulphureous. 



At Crickhill, between Skipton and Gishurn, is a sulphureous spring ; the saline 

 contents are — 



Chloride of calcium 25-76 



Chloride of sodium 15-94 



Sulphate of soda 48-4 



Carbonate of soda 15-4 



Oxide of iron -5 Total... 106. 



