TRANSACTIONS OP THE SECTIONS. Ill 



And of gases, — Sulphuretted hydrogen 2 to 3 cubic inches. 



Carbonic acid 6 



Nitrogen 8 



There are also several chalybeate springs, of which the strongest contains — 



Oxideofiron 2*16 



Other substances 8-24 Total... 10-4. 



All the springs and streams yet mentioned are in the West Riding. In Harrowgate 

 alone I think I have examined nearly fifty springs. 



In the North and East Ridings of the county my own analyses have been less nu- 

 merous, and of a considerable part I do not know the localities with sufficient exact- 

 ness to give the same interest, and the waters are less marked in character ; a few 

 only need be particularized. 



In the North Riding, at Hovingham, the sodaic water occurred in a strong and 

 strikingly pure condition, yielding 38 grains of carbonate of soda and 3 grains of com- 

 mon salt, without a trace of sulphates or any earthy salt. It is accompanied by sul- 

 phuretted hydrogen, but I had not an opportunity of analysing the gases on the spot, 

 the only mode in which exact results can be obtained. 



The Scarborough water has I believe been found to vary by different chemists ; I 

 give Prof. Richard Phillips's analysis, 1840 : — 



North Well. (Dry salts.) South Well. (Dry salts.) 



Chloride of sodium 2664 26-64 29-63 29-63 



Cryst. sulph. magnesia 142-68 69-6 225-33 109-91 



Cryst. sulphate of lime 104- 82-2 11078 87-6 



Bicarbonate of lime 48-26 26-23 47-8 26- 



Bicarbonate of protox. iron 1-84 -87 1-81 -86 



Total ... 323-42 205-54 415-35 254- 



Salts by direct evaporation 212- gr 260- gr. 



Gas, — nitrogen 6-3 cubic inches 7-5 cubic inches. 



At Filey, a few miles south of Scarborough, a spa exists, rather strongly impregnated, 

 and with salts of considerable medicinal power, viz. — 



Sulphate of magnesia 48-96 



Chloride of magnesium 36-4 



Chloride of calcium 41-2 



Chloride of sodium 210-8 



Carbonate of soda 58-08 Total... 395-44 grains. 



I have notes of several analyses of waters for railway use from the East Riding ; a 

 very few shall suflSce. 



Gallow Creek. Heple. 



Carbonate of lime 8 15-5 



Sulphate of lime 7 3" 



Sulphate of soda 47 



Chloride of sodium 17 20-5 



Total ... 79 39- 



The waters of York have received move attention in the way of analysis than almost 

 any other ; in a pamphlet published by my friend Joseph Spence, and in Dr. Laycock's 

 Sanitary Report, ample details will be found, which I scarcely need copy ; the points 

 most remarkable in the whole of those made by Joseph Spence are a proportion, com- 

 paratively large, of nitrates and of potash, both believed, justly I think, to be derived 

 from rubbish on the surface. W. White of York, also found nitrates in two waters, 

 and I can confirm the fact of their occurrence from a slight examination recently 

 made by myself. 



To those who would trace a connection between the geology of a spot and the che- 

 mical character of a spring issuing from it, a matter which 1 have only touched inci- 

 dentally, I would observe that they must descend from those comprehensive views of 

 geological formations which embrace provinces, kingdoms and continents, to the most 



