130 "TERRA XOVA" EXPEDITION. 



Museum (Niitiir.il Ilistorv). im-ludiiiu- sonic nn(le.scril)e(l larvae from tlie " Discovery " 

 collection. 



NoTOTHENIIDAE. 



Notothcn'm (I'l. II, fi,--. •_'). 



A mass of eggs ami a number of newly hatched larvae taken on Sept. 21st, 

 1910, at Roy Cove. Falkland Islamls. iiy ]\Ir. Rupert N'allentin, evidently lielong 

 to a .species of Xotuthema. The eggs have a diameter of ahout \ ' '•> mm., aud the 

 capsules adhere hy facets to form a loo.se ma.ss, just as in oui- noirlicrn Cuttiis srarpiu-". 

 The lU'wiy hatched larvae have a length of about G mm., and in tlieir general .structure 

 are very similar to Cottus larvae, for they have a short abdomen and a long tail, the 

 mouth is well-developed, and tlie median tin extends from the head rouml the tail to 

 the yolk-.sac ; the anus is placed a short distance behind the yolk-sac. instead of at its 

 po.sterior edge, as in Cutttis, nor can I .see an oil-gh)liule in the yolk. 



Lonnberg has noted that in August X. fe-ssellaia and .\'. simn liad tJie ovaries well 

 developed, with eggs measuring 1 mm. or less; it is (|uite likelv therefore that the 

 eggs and larvae de.scribed above beloug to one of these species or to another species of 

 the te-'<si>ll(ttii gi-oup. 



A second mass, also pre.sented by Jlr. N'allentin. is verv similar to the first, but has 

 the eggs sonu'what larger (diameter 1'7 mm.): it was found under a stone at the 

 Falklands on May 1 0th, 1910. 



Of the Antarctic species of Xotothenin l.onnbeig has noted that X. hirseiii and 



X. nudifrotiN were neaily rijn .\pril ID. and that in X. rossi and X. gibberifrons the 



ovaries were very small in May. and in X. Cdriia-p-s in August. 



bate laival ami e.irly post larval stages of Xotothenia have not yet been found. 

 Two young examples oi X. inacroa'pluda. 40 mm. long, were taken by the " Challenger " 

 in the tow-net on Jan. 8th, 1874, off Kerguelen. These are vei-y different in appearance 

 from the adult fish, as they are Inight silvery, with tlie hack bluish. From this 

 coloration and from their method of captiu-e it may be concluded that the voung of this 

 species .swim at the surface and that its wide distribution mav be connected with thi.s. 

 Ill \. ci/iiiiiiiJu-ancha, which is re.stricted to Kerguelen. young examples of 40 mm. have 

 the mottled coloration of ilie adult. 



Tremntomiis. 



In exam[)les of T. berndcrJtil and T, Ikihsdhi taken bv tlie "Southern Cross" 

 and '" I >iscovery " 1 find that the genital glands ari' miich laiger in .Vpril than 

 in ()ctolier. Females taken in April liaNc well-i|e\ cloiied ovaries with eiius I to 

 I ' :i mm. in diameter. All the specimetis that were preserved of those captured in traps 

 during the winter are males, with testes nearly ripe : it may be that the females cease 

 feeding at the approach of the breeding season. It is probable that s25awnino- takes 

 place about Jidw and that the eggs are not much, if any. larger than in Xototlienia. 



