of its leaf to the shape of a dewlap. The purple and the pale 

 spadices oi Arum maculaium are sometimes called I3ulls and Cows. 

 The Great Daisy is Ox-Eye; the Primula elaiior, Ox-Lip; the 

 Helminthia echioides, Ox-Tongue ; and the Helleborus foetidus, Ox- 

 Heel. The Antiryhimim and Arum maculatum are, from their re- 

 semblance in shape, respectively known as Calf's Snout and Calf s 

 Foot. 



Cats have several representative plants. From its soft flower- 

 heads, the Gnaphalium dioicum is called Cat's Foot ; from the shape 

 of its leaves, the Hypochceris maculata is known as Cat's Ear; the 

 Ground Ivy, also from the shape of its leaves, is Cat's Paw; two 

 plants are known as Cat's Tail, viz., Typha latifolia and Phleum 

 pratcnse. Euphorbia hdioscopia, on account of its milky juice, is Cat's 

 Milk; and, lastly, Nepeta cataria is denominated Cat-Mint, because, 

 as Gerarde informs us in his ' Herbal,' " Cats are very much delighted 

 herewith: for the smell of it is so pleasant unto them, that they rub 

 themselves upon it, and wallow or tumble in it, and also feed on 

 the branches very greedily." We are also told by another old 

 writer that Cats are amazingly delighted with the root of the 

 plant Valerian; so much so, that, enticed by its smell, they at 

 once run up to it, lick it, kiss it, jump on it, roll themselves over it, 

 and exhibit almost uncontrollable signs of joy and gladness. There 

 is an old rhyme on the liking of Cats for the plant Marum, which 

 runs as follows: — 



" K you set it. 



The Cats will eat it ; 



If you sow it, 



The Cats will know it." 



The Cow has given its name to a whole series of plants: its 

 Berry is Vaccinium Vitis idaa, its Cress, Lepidium campestre, its 

 Parsley or Weed, Chccrophyllum sylvestre, its Parsnip, Heracleum 

 Sphoudylium, its Wheat, Melampyriim. The Quaking Grass, Briza 

 media, is known as Cow Quake, from an idea that cattle are fond 

 of it; and the Water Hemlock [Cicuta virosa) has the opprobrious 

 epithet of Cow Bane applied to it, from its supposed baneful 

 effect upon oxen. The Primula veris is the Cowslip. 



In Norway is to be found the herb Ossifrage — a kind of Reed 

 which is said to have the remarkable power of softening the bones 

 of animals; so much so, that if oxen eat it, their bones become 

 so soft that not only are the poor beasts rendered incapable of 

 walking, but they can even be rolled into any shape. They are not 

 said to die however. Fortunately they can be cured, if the bones 

 are exhibited to them of another animal killed by the eating of 

 this plant. It is most wonderful, however, that the inhabitants 

 make a medicine for cementing bones from this very herb. 



There are several plants dedicated to man's faithful friend. 

 Dog's Bane {Apocytium) is a very curious plant: its bell-shaped 

 flowers entangle flies who visit the flower for its honey-juice, so 



