40 FOUNDATIONS OF BOTANY 
at first in the ground, it develops a slender, leafless stem, 
which, leaning this way and that, no sooner comes into | 
Cc 
. Fic. 16.— Dodder, growing upon a Golden-Rod Stem. 
s, seedling dodder plants, growing in earth; h, stem of host; 7, haustoria or 
parasitic roots of dodder ; J, scale-like leaves. A, magnified section of a por- 
tion of willow stem, showing penetration of haustoria. 
- permanent contact with a congenial host than it produces 
haustoria at many points, gives up further growth in its 
