STRUCTURE OF THE STEM 91 
(8) Thin longitudinal radial sections of sycamore, of sassafras, 
maple, or box-elder wood. 
(9) Thin sections of elder pith, sunflower-stem pith, or of so-called 
Japanese “ rice-paper.”’ 
104. Names of the Cells of Bark, Wood, and Pith. — No 
two varieties of stems will be found to consist of just the 
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ape 
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“4 
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a 
B22 esos sass 
aaa SS SaaS ea SS SoS SS 5 
(ES Sas Be SIO BSS SSeS 
BSS Stel Sate SS SSS SS) STS) 
(ers) pe) Soha Shtey S38) SS] 
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BAS Etebistarsse Sr BSS) 
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Fie. 60. — Part of Cross-Section of Stem of Flax. 
(Much magnified.) 
e, epidermis ; 5, hard bast ; s, sieve-cells ; w, wood. 
Fie. 59. — A, B, C, 
D, Isolated Wood- 
Cells and Bast- 
Cells of Linden. 
A, B, wood fibers ; C, 
piece of a vessel; 
D, bast fiber ; E,a 
partitioned, woody 
fiber from Euro- 
pean ivy. (Much 
magnified.) 
same kinds of cells, present in the same 
proportions, but it is easy to refer to illus- 
trations which will serve to identify the 
kinds of cells found in the studies of the 
preceding section. ‘They are: 
(1) Cork-cells of the epidermis (¢.g., flax, 
Fig. 60, e). 
(2) Cells of the green bark (e.g., flax, Fig. 60), 
between b and e. 
(3) Hard bast (Fig. 60). 
(4) Soft bast (e.g., flax, Fig. 60, s, for the cross-section and (very 
greatly magnified) Figs. 63, 64, for the lengthwise section). 
1 The sieve-tubes shown in these figures are only one of several kinds of 
cell found in soft bast, but they are the most peculiar and characteristic ones. 
(See Strasburger, Noll, Schenk, and Schimper’s Text-Book, pp. 102-104.) 
