CHAPTER VIII 
BUDS 
130. Structure of Buds. — While studying twigs in their 
winter condition, as directed in Sects. 77, 78, the student 
had occasion to notice the presence, position, and arrange- 
ment of buds on the branch, but he was not called upon 
to look into the details of their structure. The most natu- 
ral time to do this is just before the study of the leaf is 
begun, since leafy stems spring from buds, and the rudi- 
ments of leaves in some form must be found in buds. 
131. The Horse-Chestnut Bud. — Examine one of the lateral buds 
on a twig in its winter or early spring condition.! 
Make a sketch of the external appearance of the buds as seen with 
a magnifying glass. 
How do the scales with which it is 
covered lie with reference to those 
' beneath them? 
Notice the sticky coating on the scales. 
Are the scales opposite or alternate ? 
Remove the scales in pairs, placing 
them in order on a sheet of paper, thus : 
Make the distance from 1 to 1 as much 
as 6 or 8 inches. 
How many pairs are found? 
Observe as the scales are removed whether the sticky coating is 
2——4—_6 
69 ot |] —— or —— oo —— 
1 The best possible time for this examination is just as the buds are begin- 
ning to swell slightly in the spring. The bud of buckeye or of cottonwood 
will do for this examination, though each is on a good deal smaller scale than 
the horse-chestnut bud. Buds may be forced to open early by placing twigs 
in water in a very warm, light place for many weeks. 
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