DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS 75 
Peduncles long, 1-flowered. Flowers about 11 in. broad, deep crim- 
son. Calyx-tube very strongly 5-ribbed, with 5 smaller ones between ; 
calyx-teeth short and slender. Petals somewhat notched. Culti- 
vated in old gardens; from Italy. 
Vil. DIANTHUS, L. 
Tufted, mostly perennial herbs, often shrubby at the base. 
Leaves narrow and grass-like. Flowers solitary or variously 
clustered. Calyx tubular, 5-toothed, with overlapping bracts 
at the base. Petals 5, with long claws. Stamens 10, matur- 
ing 5at atime. Styles 2; ovary 1-celled. Capsule cylindrical, 
4-valved at the top. 
1. D. Armeria, L. Drptrorp Pink. Rather erect, annual, with 
stiff stems 1-2 ft. high. Leaves very dark green, linear, 1-2 in. long, | 
the lower obtuse, the upper acute. Flowers loosely clustered, small, 
dark pink. Calyx-tube 3—% in. long, nearly cylindrical. Petals 
narrow, speckled with very small whitish dots. In sandy fields 
eastward, introduced from Europe; sometimes cultivated. 
2. D. barbatus, L. Sweer WixiiAm. Perennial, often in large 
clumps. Stems erect, branching above, smooth, 1-2 ft. tall. Leaves 
lanceolate, 2-3 in. long, acute. Flowers crimson-pink, white or 
variegated, in terminal clusters, bracts linear, as long as the calyx. 
Common about old gardens; from Europe.* 
3. D. plumarius, L. Common Pink, Grass Pink. Leaves grass- 
like, with a whitish bloom. Petals white, pink, or variegated, with 
the limb fringed. Flowers solitary, fragrant. Hardy perennials, 
cultivated from Europe. 
4. D. Caryophyllus, L. CARNATION, CLovE Pink. Much like 
the preceding species, but with larger fragrant flowers; the broad 
petals merely crenate. Hothouse perennials (some hardy varieties), 
cultivated from Europe. 
31. NYMPH ACEZ. WaATER-LILY FAMILY. 
Perennial aquatic herbs. Leaves usually floating, often 
shield-shaped. Flowers borne on naked scapes. Floral en- 
velopes and stamens all hypogynous or else adnate to a fleshy 
disk that encloses the carpels. Sepals 3-6. Petals 3-5 or 
often very numerous. Stamens many. Carpels 3 or more, 
free, in a single circle or united with the disk. Fruit a berry 
or a group of separate carpels. 
