DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS 83 
pit or scale inside at the narrowed base. Stamens usually 
numerous. Pistils few or several ina head. Akenes flattened, 
pointed.* 
1. R. pusillus, Poir. Low Sprarwort. Perennial. Stems sey- 
eral, erect or ascending, branched,. smooth, 6-15 in. high. Leaves 
entire or slightly toothed, the lower round or cordate, long-petioled, 
the upper lanceolate or elliptical, nearly or quite sessile. Flowers 
very small, about 2 in. wide, yellow. Petals 1-5, as long as the 
sepals. Stamens 3-10. Akenes smooth, with a very short point. 
On muddy banks.* 
2. R. abortivus, L. SMALL-FLOWERED Crowroort. Perennial. 
Stems smooth, branching, 12-18 in. high. Root-leaves round-cor- 
date, crenate, petioled. Stem-leaves 3—5-parted, with wedge-shaped 
or linear divisions, sessile. Flowers very small, pale yellow. Sepals 
reflexed, longer than the petals. Akenes in a globose head, smooth, 
without a beak. Common on wet ground and waste places.* 
3. R. recurvatus, Poir, Hookep Crowroor. Perennial. Stem 
erect, hairy, 1-2 ft. high. Leaves all nearly alike, petioled, 3—5-lobed 
with the lobes wedge-shaped, cut or toothed at the apex. Flowers 
small, pale yellow. Petals minute, shorter than the reflexed sepals. 
Akenes in a globular head, smooth, with a slender, recurved beak. 
On low ground.* 
4. R. pennsylvanicus, L. Bristty Crowroor. Perennial. Stems 
rough-hairy, erect, 2-3 ft. high. Leaves compound in threes, on 
long and very hairy petioles; leaflets long-stalked, 3-parted, the 
divisions sharply lobed or toothed. Flowers small. Petals yellow, 
shorter than the sepals. Akenes flat, smooth, in oblong heads, beak 
broad and straight. On low ground.* 
5. R. bulbosus, L. BuLsous Buttercup, EARLY BUTTERCUP. 
Stem upright, from a solid bulb about as large as a filbert, about 
1 ft. high, hairy. Root-leaves 3-divided, the divisions lobed and 
cleft. Peduncles furrowed. Flowers large and showy (3 to 1 in. in 
diameter). Sepals strongly reflexed. Petals roundish, wedge-shaped 
at the base. Akenes with a very short beak. Introduced from 
Europe. Common in grass fields in New England. 
6. R. acris, L. Tatu Butrercur. Erect, hairy, 2-3 ft. high. 
Leaves 3-7-parted, the divisions of the lower ones wedge-shaped, 
deeply cut and lobed. Peduncles not furrowed. Sepals spreading, 
downy. Petals obovate, a little smaller and paler yellow than in 
No. 5. A common weed, introduced from Europe, in grass fields 
and elsewhere, especially eastward. 
