90 FOUNDATIONS OF BOTANY 
stipules. Flowers perfect, regular or irregular, Sepals 
usually 2, shed as the flower opens. Petals 4-12, falling 
early. Stamens numerous or 6 (in 2 sets), 4, or 2. Carpels 
2-16. Fruit a capsule. 
I, ESCHSHOLTZIA, Cham. 
Annual or perennial herbs. Leaves pale or bluish-green, 
usually cut into very narrow divisions. Sepals united into a 
pointed cap, which falls off in one piece as the flower opens. 
Petals 4, orange or yellow. Stamens many, with long anthers. 
Stigmas 2-6, spreading. Pods long and slender, grooved. Re- 
ceptacle often surrounded by a rim on which the calyx rests. 
1. E. californica, Cham. Annual or perennial, with rather suc- 
culent leafy stems. Flowers large and showy, yellow or orange- 
yellow. Receptacle top-shaped, with a broad rim. Cultivated from 
California. 
Il. SANGUINARIA, Dill. 
Perennial. Rootstock thick, horizontal, joints and scars 
of previous growths persistent several years ; juice orange- 
colored. Leaves on long petioles, kidney-shaped. Scape 
1-flowered. Sepals 2, falling off as the flower opens. Petals 
8-12. Ovary 1, stigmas 2; capsule oblong, seeds crested.* 
1. S. canadensis, L. Biooproor. Leaves and scape with a 
bloom; leaves palmately 5—9-lobed, lobes rounded or toothed; scapes 
naked, nearly as long as the petioles. Flowers white, 1 in. or more 
wide. Petals oblong or obovate, quickly deciduous. Capsule 
1-celled, 2-valved, the valves separating from the persistent placentz 
at maturity. In rich, open woods.* 
Ill. CHELIDONIUM, L. 
Erect, branched, perennial herbs with yellow juice. Leaves 
much divided. Flowers yellow. Sepals 2, falling as the 
flower opens. Petals 4. Ovary 1-celled ; style dilated at the 
top, with 2 adnate stigmas. Capsule linear. 
1. C. majus, L. Crrnanpine. Stem 1-2 ft. high, brittle, slightly | 
hairy, leafy. Leaves once or twice pinnate. Flowers small. A rather 
common weed in yards and along fences. Introduced from Europe. — 
Ye By 
