102 FOUNDATIONS OF BOTANY 
I. SAXIFRAGA, L. 
Herbs with simple or palmately cut leaves and generally 
cymose or panicled flowers. Sepals 5, more or less united. 
Petals 5, entire, inserted on the calyx-tube. Stamens 10. 
Capsule consisting of 2 (sometimes more) ovaries, united at 
the base, separate and diverging above. 
1. §S. virginiensis, Michx. EArty SAXxIFRAGE, MAYFLOWER. 
Perennial. Stemless, with a cluster of spatulate, obovate, or wedge- 
shaped root-leaves and a scape 3-9 in. high, which bears a dense 
cluster of small white flowers, becoming at length a panicled cyme. 
Petals white, oblong, much longer than the calyx. Rocks and dry 
hillsides N. 
2. S. pennsylvanica, L. Swamp SAxIFRAGE. Perennial. 
-Leaves 4-8 in. long, oblong-lanceolate and tapering to the base, 
slightly toothed. Scape 1-2 ft. high, bearing an oblong cluster of 
small greenish flowers, at length diffusely panicled. Petals green- 
ish-yellow (rarely crimson), linear-lanceolate, hardly longer than the 
calyx-lobes. Boggy ground. 
Il. TIARELLA, L. 
Perennial. Flowers white, in racemes. Calyx white, 
5-parted, nearly free from the ovary. Corolla of 5 very nar- 
row petals, with slender claws, alternating with the calyx- 
lobes. Stamens 10, springing from the calyx-tube and 
extending outside the flower. Styles 2, long and slender. 
Ovary 1-celled, 2-beaked. In fruit one of the carpels grows 
to be much larger than the other, thus making up the main 
bulk of the thin, dry pod, which has a few seeds attached 
near the bottom. 
1. T. cordifolia, L. Fatse Mirre-wort. Stem 5-12 in. high, 
usually leafless, sometimes with 1 or 2 leaves. Rootstock bearing 
runners in summer. Leaves heart-shaped, sharply lobed, the lobes 
with acute or mucronate teeth, somewhat hairy above, downy 
beneath. Raceme short and simple. Rocky woods, especially N. 
Ill. MITELLA, Tourn. 
Delicate perennial herbs. Flowers small, pretty, in a sim- 
ple raceme or spike. Calyx 5-cleft, adnate to the base of the 
