DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS 109 
ovate or oval, acute, finely serrate or entire, downy when young, 
becoming smooth with age; petioles slender. Cymes few-several- 
flowered, terminal, and at the ends of “fruit spurs’? grown the 
previous season. Flowers white. Styles not united. Fruit obovoid, 
with hard gritty grains near the core. A European and Asiatic 
tree common in cultivation.* : 
2. P. Malus. AppLe. A tree with a rounded top and dark- 
colored bark. Leaves oval or ovate, obtuse or pointed, dentate or 
nearly entire, rounded at the base, smooth above, downy beneath. 
Cymes few—many-flowered. Flowers large, white or pink. Calyx 
downy. Fruit depressed-globose to ovoid, hollowed at the base and 
usually at the apex. Cultivated from Europe and often running 
wild in old pastures, etc., E.* 
3. P. coronaria, L. AMERICAN CRAB AppLEe. A _ small tree 
with smooth bark. Leaves triangular or oval-lanceolate, acutish or 
rounded or a little heart-shaped at the base, cut-serrate and often 
somewhat 3-lobed, slender-petioled, soon smooth. Flowers large, 
few in a cluster, pale rose-color, very sweet-scented. Fruit bright 
green, turning yellowish, sometimes 14 in. in diameter, flattened at 
right angles to the pedicels, very fragrant. Glades, W. N. Y., West 
and South. 
4. P. angustifolia, Ait. NARROW-LEAVED CRAB APPLE. A small 
tree with smooth, light gray bark. Leaves lanceolate or oblong, 
serrate, downy when young, acute at the base, short-petioled. 
Corymbs few-flowered. Flowers pink, fragrant, about 1 in. broad. 
Styles smooth, distinct. Fruit nearly globose, about 3 in. in diame- 
ter, very sour. In open woods, Penn., W. and S.* 
5. P. arbutifolia, L.f. CHOKEBERRY, CHOKE PEAR, DOGBERRY. 
A shrub 5-8 ft. high. Leaves oblong or oblanceolate, finely serrate, 
downy beneath, short-petioled. Flowers in a downy compound 
cyme, small, white or reddish. Fruit pear-shaped or nearly globular, 
not larger than a currant, very dark purple, dry and puckery. There 
is also a smooth-leaved variety with black fruit. Swamps and damp 
thickets, especially N. E. 
6. P. americana, DC. AMERICAN Mountain Asu. A tall shrub 
or small tree. Leaves odd-pinnate. Leaflets oblong-lanceolate, taper- 
pointed, sharply serrate, smooth, bright green. Flowers small, white, 
in large, flat, compound cymes. Fruit bright scarlet, not larger 
than currants. Common N. and often cultivated. 
7. P. Aucuparia, Gaertn. EvuROPEAN MountTAIN AsH OR ROWAN 
Tree. Larger than No. 6. Leaflets paler, downy beneath. Fruit 
larger, about 3 in. in diameter. Cultivated from Europe. 
