110 FOUNDATIONS OF BOTANY 
Vv. AMELANCHIER, Medic. 
Shrubs or small trees with smooth gray bark. Leaves 
simple, sharply serrate, petioled. Flowers white, in racemes. 
Calyx-tube 5-cleft, adnate to the ovary. Petals oblong. 
Styles 5, united below. Ovary 5-celled, 2 ovules in each cell, 
often only 1 maturing. Fruit small, berry-like.* 
1. A. canadensis, Torr. and Gr. Service Berry, JUNE Berry, 
SuHap Busu, SuGAR PLuM, SuGAR PEAR, WiLp PEAR. A small 
tree, branches downy when young, soon becoming smooth. Leaves 
ovate to elliptical, finely and sharply serrate, acute at the apex, 
usually obtuse or cordate at the base. Racemes slender, many- 
flowered, appearing before or with the leaves. Flowers showy. 
Petals 4 or 5 times the length of the smooth sepals. Fruit globose, 
dark red, edible. In rich woods ; extremely variable in height, and 
in shape of leaves.* 
VI. CRATAGUS, L. 
Shrubs or small trees, mostly with numerous strong spines, 
wood very hard. Leaves serrate, lobed or deeply incised, 
petioled. Flowers white or pink, in terminal corymbs or 
sometimes solitary. Calyx-tube urn-shaped, 5-cleft, the limb 
persistent. Petals round. Stamens few or many. Styles 
1-5, distinct; ovules 1 in each cell. Fruit a small pome with 
bony carpels.* [The species are hard to distinguish and are 
not very perfectly defined. At present the genus is under- — 
going a careful revision by Professor C. 8. Sargent. ] 
1. C. coccinea, L. SCARLET-FRUITED’ Tuorn, Rep Haw. A tall 
shrub or small tree, with smooth, reddish branches, but the young 
shoots downy. Leaves thin, roundish-ovate, cut-lobed or sharply 
toothed, slender-petioled. Flowers large, in a ete -flowered corymb. 
Fruit bright red, nearly globular or obovoid, } in. long. 
Var. mollis, Torr. and Gr., has the young “shoots densely covered 
with down and fruit twice the length of the preceding, sweet and 
edible. Common in the Mississippi valley. 
2. C. tomentosa, L. PrAr THorn. A small tree, the young 
shoots, peduncles, and calyx downy or soft-hairy. Leaves large, 
thickish, ovate or ovate-oblong, downy beneath, doubly serrate or 
cut-lobed. Flowers later than No. 1, sometimes 1 in. in diameter. 
Fruit scarlet or orange, rather less than 1 in. long, edible. 
3. C. Crus-Galli, L. Cockspur THorn. Small trees with spread- 
ing branches; spines usually numerous, long and stout, but some- 
