118 FOUNDATIONS OF BOTANY 
papilionaceous or somewhat regular, in No. XV much reduced. 
Stamens diadelphous (Fig. 15), monadelphous, or distinct. 
Ovary simple, free from the calyx. Fruit usually a 1-celled 
pod (Fig. 15). Seeds one or several, without endosperm. 
A. 
Flower regular, small. Stamens hypogynous. Leaves twice pinnate. 
Petals not united to each other. Stamens 5 or 10. Pod 
smooth. Desmanthus, I. 
Corolla gamopetalous, 5-cleft. Stamens 8 or10. Pod minutely 
prickly or rough. Schrankia, II. 
B. 
Trees. Flowers somewhat or not at all papilionaceous ; sometimes almost 
regular. The upper petal inside the others in the bud. Stamens 10 
or less, usually not united to each other, borne on the calyx. 
Flowers imperfectly papilionaceous. Leaves simple. 
Cercis, ITI. 
Flowers not papilionaceous. Thornless. Gymnocladus, IV. 
Flowers not papilionaceous. Thorny. Gleditschia, V. 
C. 
Herbs or trees. Flowers decidedly papilionaceous. The upper petal 
external in bud and enclosing the others. Stamens 10, not united to 
each other. | 
Trees. Cladrastis, VI. 
Herbs. Baptisia, VII. 
D. 
Shrubs with a corolla of one petal only. Amorpha, XV. 
E. 
Herbs, shrubs, or trees. Flowers decidedly papilionaceous. Stamens 
monadelphous or diadelphous (in the latter case usually 9 and 1, as in 
Fig. 15). 
