DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS 125 
XII. TRIFOLIUM, Tourn. 
Annual, biennial, or perennial herbs. Stems more or less 
spreading. Leaves petioled, of 3 toothed or serrate leaflets ; 
stipules adnate to the petioles. Flowers white, yellow, or 
red, in heads. Calyx 5-cleft, the teeth nearly equal and 
subulate. Petals withering-persistent, keel shorter than the 
wings. Stamens diadelphous. Pod smooth, 1-6-seeded, 
scarcely opening.* 
1. T. procumbens, L. Low Hop-crover. Annual; stem slender, 
erect, or spreading, downy, 6-10 in. long. Leaves short-petioled; 
leaflets obovate or obcordate, finely dentate, the middle one distinctly 
stalked ; stipules lanceovate. Flowers yellow, reflexed in fruit. Pod 
l-seeded. Common on clay soil, in waste places.* 
2. T. incarnatum, L. Crimson CLover. Annual; stem erect, 
somewhat branched, downy, 1-2 ft. high. Lower leaves long-, the 
upper short-petioled; leaflets obovate or wedge-shaped, toothed at 
the apex. Flowers bright crimson, sessile, in terminal heads which 
finally become much elongated. Calyx silky, its lobes long and 
plumose. Introduced and cultivated for fodder. 
3. T. pratense, L. Rep CLover. Biennial or short-lived peren- 
nial ; stems spreading, branching, downy, 1-3 ft. long. Leaves long- 
petioled ; stipules large ; leaflets oval to obovate, finely toothed, often 
with a dark triangular spot near the center. Flowers red or purple, 
in globose heads, erect in fruit. Calyx-teeth bristle-shaped, hairy. 
Pod 1-3 seeded. Introduced and widely cultivated.* 
4. T. carolinianum, Michx. CaArortina CrLover. Perennial; 
stems spreading or ascending, much-branched, downy, 6-10 in. long. 
Leaves short-petioled ; leaflets small, obovate or obcordate, slightly 
toothed. Heads small, globose, on long peduncles. Flowers white, 
tinged with purple, reflexed in fruit. Pod 4-seeded. Common in 
waste places S.* 
5. T. repens, L. Wuire Crover. Perennial; stems widely 
branching at the base, prostrate and creeping, nearly smooth, 6-12 
in. long. Leaves long-petioled; leaflets oval, obovate or obcordate, 
minutely toothed. Heads globose, long-peduncled. Flowers white, 
reflexed in fruit. Pod 3-4-seeded. Introduced; common about 
houses and in pastures.* 
6. T. hybridum, L. Ausrke CLover. Perennial, considerably 
resembling No. 5, but the stems more upright and stouter. Leaflets 
varying from broadly ovate to ovate-lanceolate, mucronate or 
slightly notched, the margins fringed with hairs; stipules prolonged 
into bristle-like points. Flowers rose-color and white, very fragrant. 
In fields and along roadsides. Introduced from Europe. 
