128 FOUNDATIONS OF BOTANY 
claws. Standard narrow. Stamens diadelphous (9 and 1). 
Pod usually swollen, sometimes fleshy and eatable, several— 
many-seeded. 
1. A. caryocarpus, Ker. GRouNp PLum, BurrALo APPLE. Covered 
with pale, close-lying down. Leaflets narrow, oblong. Flowers violet- 
purple, in a short, narrow raceme. Fruit looking like a small, green, 
pointed plum, about 2 in. in diameter, eatable. N. W., and 8. to 
Texas. 
2. A. mexicanus, A. DC. Prairie AppLte. Smooth or with 
some loose hairs. Corolla cream-color, with the tip bluish. Fruit 
globular, not pointed, eatable. Prairies, Illinois and S. W. 
3. A. canadensis, L. Erect, often tall (1-4 ft. high), more or less 
downy. Leaflets oblong, 21-27. Flowers pale greenish, in long 
spikes. Pod dry, 2-celled, sessile. River bottoms, prairies,and woods. 
XIX. VICIA, Tourn. 
Climbing or spreading herbs. Leaves odd-pinnate, usually 
ending in atendril. Leaflets many, entire or toothed at the 
tip ; stipules half arrow-shaped. Flowers blue, purple, or yel- 
low, in axillary racemes. Calyx-teeth nearly equal. Wings 
adnate to the keel. Stamens diadelphous (9 and 1); fila- 
ments thread-shaped, anthers all alike. Style bent, smooth or 
downy all round or bearded below the stigma ; ovules usually 
many. Pod flattened, 2-several-seeded. Seeds globular. 
1. V. americana, Muhl. Witp Vetcu, Burrato Pra. Peren- 
nial. Smooth, 1-3 ft. high. Leaflets 10-14, elliptical or ovate- 
oblong, obtuse. Peduncles shorter than the leaves, 4—8-flowered. 
Flowers bluish-purple, 3 in. long. Common N. and W. 
2. V.caroliniana, Walt. Perennial. Smooth or nearly so, 4-6 ft. 
high. Leaflets 8-24, narrowly oblong, blunt. Peduncles loosely 
flowered. Flowers smaller than in No. 1, whitish or tipped with pale 
purple. River banks. 
3. V. sativa, L. Common Vetcu. Annual. Stem simple, 
smooth or downy, reclining, 1-3 ft. long. Leaves short-petioled ; 
leaflets 5-7 pairs, obovate-oblong to linear, obtuse, notched and 
mucronate at the apex. Flowers in pairs, nearly sessile in the axils, 
pale purple, 3-1 in. long. Pod linear, several-seeded. Introduced 
from Europe and common in cultivation.* 
