140 FOUNDATIONS OF BOTANY 
Sepals and petals 4-5, spreading. Stamens as many as the 
petals, short. Ovary 3—5-celled, with 2 ovules in each cell. 
Seeds enclosed in a red, fleshy pulp.* 
1. E. americanus, L. Srrawsperry BusH. A shrub 3-8 ft. 
high. Leaves short-petioled, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, acute or 
taper-pointed at the apex, finely serrulate, smooth or slightly hairy. 
Peduncles axillary, slender, 1-3-flowered. Flowers greenish. Capsule 
3—5-angled, warty. In low, shady woods. 
2. E. atropurpureus, Jacq. WaAnoo. A tree-like shrub 10-15 ft. 
high. Leaves oval to ovate, taper-pointed, finely serrulate, minutely 
downy petioles }-3 in. long. Peduncles slender, 3-forked, several- 
flowered. Flower purplish; capsule deeply 3-5-lobed, smooth. 
River banks. 
57. STAPHYLEACEZ. BLADDER-NUT FAMILY. 
Shrubs. Leaves pinnately compound, with stipules, and 
the leaflets with little individual stipules (stipels). Flowers 
regular and perfect. Calyx-lobes 5. Petals 5, inserted in or 
around a saucer-shaped disk. Stamens 5, alternate with the 
petals, perigynous. Ovary 2—3-celled, with the carpels more 
or less distinct ; ovules several; styles 2-3, cohering some- 
what below. Fruit usually 1—-few-seeded. 
STAPHYLEA, L. 
Calyx deeply 5-parted, the lobes appearing like separate 
sepals, erect. Petals spatulate, borne on the rim of the thick 
disk. Pod large, papery, 3-celled, finally opening at the top. 
Seeds 1-4 in each cell, bony. 
1. S. trifolia, L. AmrrRICAN BLADDER-NUT. A shrub 6-12 ft. 
high, with smooth, slender, greenish striped, at length gray, branches. 
Leaves long-petioled, with 3 ovate, taper-pointed, finely serrate leaf- 
lets. Damp thickets. 
58. ACERACEZ. Mapre Famity. 
Trees or shrubs, with abundant, often sugary sap. Leaves 
opposite, simple and palmately lobed, or pinnate, without 
